ArticlePloS one2014
Factors associated with D-dimer levels in HIV-infected individuals.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00776412 (Biomarkers of Inflammation, Coagulation, and Endothelial Function in HIV-Infected Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 47 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Biomarkers of Inflammation, Coagulation, and Endothelial Function in HIV-Infected Adults
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex, age, race and intervention type in clinical studies of HIV cure: a systematic review.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2015Pooled it
- Elevated D-Dimer Levels Are Associated With Increased Risk of Mortality in Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cardiology in reviewPooled it
- Inflammatory Biomarker Reduction With Fostemsavir Over 96 Weeks in Heavily Treatment-Experienced Adults With Multidrug-Resistant HIV-1 in the BRIGHTE Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Inflammation-Related Morbidity and Mortality Among HIV-Positive Adults: How Extensive Is It?Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Immunomodulation of antiretroviral drug-suppressed chronic HIV-1 infection in an oral probiotic double-blind placebo-controlled trial.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2014Trial
- Thromboinflammatory biomarkers and thrombotic risk in virologic failure and drug-resistant HIV: Emerging roles of d-dimer, fibrinogen, and coagulation dysregulation.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2026Review
- Coagulation is associated with renal function decline and chronic kidney disease in people living with HIV in South Africa.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Article
- A cohort study of growth differentiating factor - 15 (GDF-15) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as biomarkers of healthy aging in older adults living with HIV.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of inflammatory markers in HIV-positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy versus HIV-negative individuals in South Africa.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2025Article
- Severe COVID-19 in HIV/Leishmania infantum coinfected patient: a successfully managed case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Odds and associated factors for thrombosis development among Lebanese COVID-19 patients: a case-control retrospective study.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024Article
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Women With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Systemic Immune Activation/Inflammation Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023 · on this mapArticle
- Hemostatic system and COVID-19 crosstalk: A review of the available evidence.World journal of methodology · 2022Review
- Clinical and Immunological Markers of Pulmonary Impairment Among People With HIV in India.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Review
- Diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus associated disseminated intravascular coagulation.PloS one · 2022Article
- Thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers and D-dimer in a biracial cohort study.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2021Article
- Deep vein thrombosis in COVID-19 patients in general wards: prevalence and association with clinical and laboratory variables.La Radiologia medica · 2021Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on monitoring of therapeutic unfractionated heparin.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHigher plasma D-dimer levels are strong predictors of mortality in HIV+ individuals. The factors associated with D-dimer levels during HIV infection, however, remain poorly understood.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, participants in three randomized controlled trials with measured D-dimer levels were included (N = 9,848). Factors associated with D-dimer were identified by linear regression. Covariates investigated were: age, gender, race, body mass index, nadir and baseline CD4+ count, plasma HIV RNA levels, markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6]), antiretroviral therapy (ART) use, ART regimens, co-morbidities (hepatitis B/C, diabetes mellitus, prior cardiovascular disease), smoking, renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] and cystatin C) and cholesterol.
resultsWomen from all age groups had higher D-dimer levels than men, though a steeper increase of D-dimer with age occurred in men. Hepatitis B/C co-infection was the only co-morbidity associated with higher D-dimer levels. In this subgroup, the degree of hepatic fibrosis, as demonstrated by higher hyaluronic acid levels, but not viral load of hepatitis viruses, was positively correlated with D-dimer. Other factors independently associated with higher D-dimer levels were black race, higher plasma HIV RNA levels, being off ART at baseline, and increased levels of CRP, IL-6 and cystatin C. In contrast, higher baseline CD4+ counts and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were negatively correlated with D-dimer levels.
conclusionsD-dimer levels increase with age in HIV+ men, but are already elevated in women at an early age due to reasons other than a higher burden of concomitant diseases. In hepatitis B/C co-infected individuals, hepatic fibrosis, but not hepatitis viral load, was associated with higher D-dimer levels.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.