ArticleBrain structure & function2015
A mu-delta opioid receptor brain atlas reveals neuronal co-occurrence in subcortical networks.
Article in Brain structure & function, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 181 papers.
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Who cites it
181 citing papers in PubMed, 275 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond dopamine: Broader neuromodulatory contributions in sign- and goal-tracking.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Total-body [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Mu Opioid Receptor mRNA and Protein Localization Across the Rat and Mouse Habenula.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2026Article
- Opioid Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis: Emerging Targets for Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Divergence in μ and δ opioid receptor pharmacology in neurons and antinociceptive efficacy in neuropathic pain: Insights from MP135 and CYM51010.British journal of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Opioid withdrawal engages a habenular subpopulation responsive to aversive states.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Melanocortin receptor 4 agonist setmelanotide treats opioid-induced respiratory depression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Local GPCR density tips the balance of μ-opioid receptor trafficking.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Brain-wide mapping reveals temporal and sexually dimorphic opioid actions.Communications biology · 2026Article
- GPCR Heterodimers: Implications for Biased Signaling.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2026Review
- Exercise modulates food reward: neurobiological mechanisms and implications for weight management.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Mu-opioid and nociceptin receptors show divergent, cell-type-specific actions in the mesocorticolimbic reward system in opioid use disorder.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Mu opioid receptor mRNA and protein localization across the rat and mouse habenula.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The neural circuits and signalling pathways of opioid use disorder.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Methadone and morphine have equivalent analgesic but not reward potency in female mice.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
- Single-molecule characterization of opioid receptor heterodimers reveals soluble µ-δ dimer blocker peptide alleviates morphine tolerance.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Single-molecule methods for characterizing receptor dimers reveal metastable opioid receptor homodimers that induce functional modulation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Disrupted circadian rhythms and opioid-mediated adverse effects: Bidirectional relationship and putative mechanisms.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- Chemical biology approaches to resolve the subcellular GPCR signaling landscape.Nature chemical biology · 2025Review
- Delta opioid receptors: Overlooked outlier or the next big thing.Current opinion in pharmacology · 2025Review
121 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Opioid receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that modulate brain function at all levels of neural integration, including autonomic, sensory, emotional and cognitive processing. Mu (MOR) and delta (DOR) opioid receptors functionally interact in vivo, but whether interactions occur at circuitry, cellular or molecular levels remains unsolved. To challenge the hypothesis of MOR/DOR heteromerization in the brain, we generated redMOR/greenDOR double knock-in mice and report dual receptor mapping throughout the nervous system. Data are organized as an interactive database offering an opioid receptor atlas with concomitant MOR/DOR visualization at subcellular resolution, accessible online. We also provide co-immunoprecipitation-based evidence for receptor heteromerization in these mice. In the forebrain, MOR and DOR are mainly detected in separate neurons, suggesting system-level interactions in high-order processing. In contrast, neuronal co-localization is detected in subcortical networks essential for survival involved in eating and sexual behaviors or perception and response to aversive stimuli. In addition, potential MOR/DOR intracellular interactions within the nociceptive pathway offer novel therapeutic perspectives.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.