ReviewDeutsches Arzteblatt international2014
Amniotic fluid embolism: an interdisciplinary challenge: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment.
Review in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Noninvasive PPROM risk stratification with explainable AI using routine antenatal CRP and albumin.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Acute Postpartum Respiratory Distress With Right Ventricular Dysfunction Complicating Into Postpartum Cardiomyopathy: A Case of Suspected Atypical Amniotic Fluid Embolism.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- A retrospective analysis of the incidence and risk factors for amniotic fluid embolism in cesarean deliveries.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Risk factors and predisposing conditions for amniotic fluid embolism: a comprehensive review.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Review
- [Fulminant amniotic fluid embolism with subsequent cesarean section under prolonged resuscitation-A case report].Die Anaesthesiologie · 2024Article
- Anesthetic Considerations and Outcomes in Amniotic Fluid Embolism: A Retrospective Study over a 15-Year Period.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction During Labor Due to Amniotic Fluid Embolism.The American journal of case reports · 2022Article
- [Postpartum hemorrhage : Interdisciplinary consideration in the context of patient blood management].Der Anaesthesist · 2022Review
- Utilization of point-of-care ultrasound and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) in the diagnosis and management of amniotic fluid embolism presenting as post-partum hemorrhage and cardiac arrest.Case reports in perinatal medicine · 2022Article
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation type of amniotic fluid embolism: a challenging case report with favorable outcome.The Pan African medical journal · 2021Article
- [Chest pain at 32 weeks' gestation: pregnancy-related spontaneous coronary artery dissection].Der Anaesthesist · 2016Article
- Unresponsive primipara after rupture of membranes.BMJ case reports · 2015Article
- Article
- Amniotic fluid embolism pathophysiology suggests the new diagnostic armamentarium: β-tryptase and complement fractions C3-C4 are the indispensable working tools.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Review
- Successful resuscitation of amniotic fluid embolism applying a new classification and management strategy.JA clinical reports · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAmniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a life-threatening obstetric complication that arises in 2 to 8 of every 100 000 deliveries. With a mortality of 11% to 44%, it is among the leading direct causes of maternal death. This entity is an interdisciplinary challenge because of its presentation with sudden cardiac arrest without any immediately obvious cause, the lack of specific diagnostic tests, the difficulty of establishing the diagnosis and excluding competing diagnoses, and the complex treatment required, including cardio - pulmonary resuscitation.
methodWe selectively reviewed pertinent literature published from 2000 to May 2013 that was retrieved by a PubMed search.
resultsThe identified risk factors for AFE are maternal age 35 and above (odds ratio [OR] 1.86), Cesarean section (OR 12.4), placenta previa (OR 10.5), and multiple pregnancy (OR 8.5). AFE is diagnosed on clinical grounds after the exclusion of other causes of acute cardiovascular decompensation during delivery, such as pulmonary thromboembolism or myocardial infarction. Its main clinical features are severe hypotension, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, pulmonary and neurological manifestations, and profuse bleeding because of disseminated intravascular coagulation and/or hyperfibrinolysis. Its treatment requires immediate, optimal interdisciplinary cooperation. Low-level evidence favors treating women suffering from AFE by securing the airway, adequate oxygenation, circulatory support, and correction of hemostatic disturbances. The sudden, unexplained death of a pregnant woman necessitates a forensic autopsy. The histological or immunohistochemical demonstration of formed amniotic fluid components in the pulmonary bloodflow establishes the diagnosis of AFE.
conclusionAFE has become more common in recent years, for unclear reasons. Rapid diagnosis and immediate interdisciplinary treatment are essential for a good outcome. Establishing evidence-based recommendations for intervention is an important goal for the near future.
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