ArticlePloS one2014
Patent medicine dealers and irrational use of medicines in children: the economic cost and implications for reducing childhood mortality in southeast Nigeria.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of the role of proprietary and patent medicine vendors in healthcare provision in Nigeria.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Evaluation of SMS reminder messages for altering treatment adherence and health seeking perceptions among malaria care-seekers in Nigeria.Health policy and planning · 2016Trial
- Effect of malaria training on community healthcare providers' compliance with malaria treatment guidelines in Nigeria using propensity score matching.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- The use and misuse of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen) and paracetamol among mothers who presented with their children in health facilities in Enugu, South‒East Nigeria.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Mpox and oral health among children in Africa.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
- Factors influencing the acceptability of the test, treat and refer practice for malaria among caregivers of under 5 children at community pharmacies and drug shops in Nigeria.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Assessment of public knowledge and attitude toward antibiotics use and resistance: a community pharmacy-based survey.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2023Article
- Cost of inappropriate prescriptions for uncomplicated malaria in Ghana.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial stewardship: Assessment of knowledge, awareness of antimicrobial resistance and appropriate antibiotic use among healthcare students in a Nigerian University.BMC medical education · 2021Article
- Prevalence, knowledge and perception of self-medication practice among undergraduate healthcare students.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2021Article
- Article
- Stocking pattern for anti-malarial medications among proprietary patent medicine vendors in Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria.Malaria journal · 2020Article
- The potential role of patent and proprietary medicine vendors' associations in improving the quality of services in Nigeria's drug shops.BMC health services research · 2020Article
- Profile of chronic kidney disease modifiable risk factors in a rural community of south east Nigeria.BMC public health · 2018Article
- Article
- Differences in malaria care seeking and dispensing outcomes for adults and children attending drug vendors in Nasarawa, Nigeria.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2015Article
- Care-seeking at patent and proprietary medicine vendors in Nigeria.BMC health services research · 2015Article
- Management of paediatric illnesses by patent and proprietary medicine vendors in Nigeria.Malaria journal · 2015Article
- Management of musculoskeletal pain in retail drug outlets within a Nigerian community: a descriptive study.Pharmacy practiceArticle
- Prevalence and knowledge of kidney disease risk factors among Nigerians resident in Lagos State Metropolitan District, South West Nigeria.Annals of African medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study assessed the economic costs of irrational medicine use by Patent Medicine Dealers (PMDs) for malaria, acute respiratory infection (ARI) and diarrhea diseases (DD) in Nigeria. Exit interviews were conducted with 395 respondents who sought care for their children from 15 PMDs in Abakpa district of Enugu state Nigeria. Of the total respondents, 80.0% received treatment for malaria while 12.0% and 8.0% received treatment for DD and ARI respectively. The average number of drugs dispensed per patient was 6.8, average percentage of patients given injections was 72.5%, average percentage of patients given one or more antibiotics was 59.7%, while the percentage of patients given non essential drugs was 45.9%. The additional costs to the standard treatment in Naira was 255, 350 and 175 for malaria, ARI and DD respectively. The losses attributable to irrational dispensing was 4,500 Naira. However, more than half of the drugs were on essential drug list, implying some cost savings for the consumers, but the high number of drugs (6.8) on average/patient is likely to increase the total cost of drugs cancelling out the cost savings to consumers arising from dispensing essential drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.