ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2014
Use of macrolides in mother and child and risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: nationwide cohort study.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prenatal Exposure to Macrolides and Risk of Congenital Malformations: A Meta-Analysis.Drug safety · 2020Pooled it
- SEVERE PERTUSSIS IN CHILDHOOD: UPDATE AND CONTROVERSY - SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo · 2019Pooled it
- Association between exposure to macrolides and the development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2019Pooled it
- The association of prenatal and postnatal macrolide exposure with subsequent development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2019Pooled it
- Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies BARX1 and EML4-MTA3 as new loci associated with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.Human molecular genetics · 2019Pooled it
- Associations between use of macrolide antibiotics during pregnancy and adverse child outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Post-natal erythromycin exposure and risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric surgery international · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Safety of azithromycin in infants under six months of age in Niger: A community randomized trial.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Trial
- Azithromycin to Reduce Childhood Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa.The New England journal of medicine · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Pharmacokinetics of Transfer of Azithromycin into the Breast Milk of African Mothers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Trial
- Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine plus azithromycin for the prevention of low birthweight in Papua New Guinea: a randomised controlled trial.BMC medicine · 2015Trial
- Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis in a Four-Week-Old Infant: Radiological Diagnosis and Pitfalls.Cureus · 2025Article
- Oral health protection and restorative approaches in the puerperal period.Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association · 2025Article
- Treatment outcome and associated factors of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis at eastern Ethiopia public hospitals.BMC surgery · 2024Article
- Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: maternal diabetes and perinatal exposure to non-macrolide antibiotics.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Article
- Article
- Treatment of Acne Vulgaris During Pregnancy and Lactation: A Narrative Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2023Review
- Use of Azithromycin in Pregnancy: More Doubts than Certainties.Clinical drug investigation · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the association between use of macrolide antibiotics in mothers and infants from pregnancy onset until 120 days after birth and infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS).
designNationwide register based cohort study.
settingDenmark, 1996-2011.
participants999,378 liveborn singletons and linked individual level information on macrolide prescriptions (maternal use during pregnancy, n=30,091; maternal use after birth, n=21,557; use in infants, n=6591), surgery for IHPS, and potential confounders.
main outcome measuresSurgery for IHPS by three categories of macrolide use: in mothers during pregnancy, in mothers after birth, and in infants after birth.
results880 infants developed IHPS (0.9 cases per 1000 births). Compared with infants with no use of macrolides, the adjusted rate ratio for IHPS in infants with use of macrolides during days 0 to 13 after birth was 29.8 (95% confidence interval 16.4 to 54.1) and during days 14 to 120 was 3.24 (1.20 to 8.74); the corresponding absolute risk differences were 24.4 (95% confidence interval 13.0 to 44.1) and 0.65 (0.06 to 2.21) cases per 1000 infants exposed to macrolides, respectively. The rate ratio for maternal use of macrolides for days 0 to 13 after birth was 3.49 (1.92 to 6.34) and for days 14 to 120 was 0.70 (0.26 to 1.90); the corresponding absolute risk differences were 2.15 (0.82 to 4.64) and -0.11 (-0.26 to 0.31). The rate ratios for maternal use of macrolides during pregnancy were 1.02 (0.65 to 1.59) for weeks 0 to 27 and 1.77 (0.95 to 3.31) for weeks 28 to birth; the corresponding absolute risk differences were 0.01 (-0.31 to 0.50) and 0.67 (-0.06 to 2.02).
conclusionsTreatment of young infants with macrolide antibiotics was strongly associated with IHPS and should therefore only be administered if potential treatment benefits outweigh the risk. Maternal use of macrolides during the first two weeks after birth was also associated with an increased risk of IHPS. A possible association was also found with use during late pregnancy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.