ArticleJournal of endocrinological investigation2014
Male gender differences in the thyroid ultrasound features, thyroid peroxidase antibodies and thyroid hormone levels: a large population-based study.
Article in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors-related thyroid dysfunction: influencing factor analysis, prediction model development, and management strategy proposal.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Pooled it
- Association of Depression and Anxiety Disorders With Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- Obesity-related thyroid reflections: from weight gain to weight loss.European thyroid journal · 2026Review
- Occupational Exposure to Resorcinol and Thyroid-Disrupting Effects: Protocol for an Exploratory Field Study in French Hairdressers.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Gender and Age-Specific Differences in the Association of Thyroid Function and Hyperuricemia in Chinese: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of endocrinology · 2022Article
- In adult female hamsters hypothyroidism stimulates D1 receptor-mediated breathing without altering D1 receptor expression.Respiratory physiology & neurobiology · 2015Article
- CO-EXISTING HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS DOES NOT AFFECT BONE METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM.Acta endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)Article
- SERUM ZONULIN LEVELS IN HYPOTHYROID AND EUTHYROID PATIENTS WITH HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS - A PILOT STUDY.Acta endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)Article
- Thyroid gland changes in patients with acromegaly.Archives of endocrinology and metabolismArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledAnti-thyroid antibodies and thyroid ultrasound (US) are currently the methods for diagnosing autoimmune thyroid disease. Few data exist on their utility in males. The aim of the study was to investigate the gender-specific relationship between the Anti-TPO levels, thyroid ultrasound features, and thyroid function in a population with no known thyroid disorder.
methodsWe studied 1,887 subjects, 20-80 years, 953 females, 934 males. Anti-TPO antibodies, TSH and FT4 were measured and ultrasound of the thyroid was performed. The subjects were divided into antibody-positive and antibody-negative, and into four US pattern groups. The prevalence of subclinical (SHT) and overt (OHT) hypothyroidism was determined.
resultsAntibody positivity was found in 23 % of females and 10 % of males (p < 0.01), being highest in the hypoechoic/non-homogenous subgroups [68 % Ab-positive females versus 41 % Ab-positive males (p < 0.001)]. Hypothyroidism was most prevalent in the antibody-positive subjects with hypoechoic non-homogenous pattern (35 %, both genders). Odds ratios for hypothyroidism were similar in males and females with hypoechoic non-homogenous pattern (5.91, 95 %CI 2.50, 13.96 vs. 6.27, 95 % CI 2.64, 14.91), but higher in Ab-positive females than males. SHT was found in 4.5 % of females and 2 % of males, OHT in 3.2 % of females and 1.1 % of males. 65 % of the females with SHT, 81 % of those with OHT, 26 % of the males with SCH and 60 % with OHT were Anti-TPO positive.
conclusionThe prevalence and pattern of autoimmune-related changes differed in the two genders. Hypothyroidism prevalence was similar in both genders when both hypoechoic/non-homogenous pattern and anti-TPO positivity were present.
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