Observational studyPediatric research2014
Elevated blood levels of inflammation-related proteins are associated with an attention problem at age 24 mo in extremely preterm infants.
Observational study in Pediatric research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cortisol and inflammatory biomarker levels in youths with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): evidence from a systematic review with meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- In-line filtration in very preterm neonates: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Dried blood spot compared to plasma measurements of blood-based biomarkers of brain injury in neonatal encephalopathy.Pediatric research · 2019Trial
- The role of persistent inflammation in failed recovery after perinatal brain injury: is resolution the cure?Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Skin-to-Skin Holding in Relation to White Matter Microstructure in Infants Born Preterm.Neurology · 2025Observational
- Utilising Behavioural and Sensory Profiles and Associated Perinatal Factors to Identify Meaningful Subgroups in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring of mothers with a history of endometriosis in Taiwanese women.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- CXCR2 immunomodulatory therapy protects against microstructural white matter injury and gait abnormalities but does not mitigate deficits of cognition in a preclinical model of cerebral palsy.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
- Alterations in Striatal Architecture and Biochemical Markers' Levels During Postnatal Development in the Rat Model of an Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Perinatal inflammation, fetal growth restriction, and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment in Bangladesh.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Neonatal inflammation and its association with asthma and obesity in late childhood among individuals born extremely preterm.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Differences in the Interleukin Profiles in Inattentive ADHD Prepubertal Children Are Probably Related to Conduct Disorder Comorbidity.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Inflammatory biotype of ADHD is linked to chronic stress: a data-driven analysis of the inflammatory proteome.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Perinatal Factors and Emotional, Cognitive, and Behavioral Dysregulation in Childhood and Adolescence.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2023Article
- Accelerated Aging and the Life Course of Individuals Born Preterm.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Environmental influences on child health outcomes: cohorts of individuals born very preterm.Pediatric research · 2023Review
- Associations between the human immune system and gut microbiome with neurodevelopment in the first 5 years of life: A systematic scoping review.Developmental psychobiology · 2023Article
- CpG methylation patterns in placenta and neonatal blood are differentially associated with neonatal inflammation.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Mechanical ventilation induces brainstem inflammation in preterm fetal sheep.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExtremely preterm birth is associated with subsequent behavioral problems. We hypothesized that perinatal systemic inflammation, a risk factor for cerebral white matter injury and cognitive impairment, is associated with behavior problems observed at 2 y.
methodsIn a cohort of 600 children born before 28 wk gestation, we measured 25 inflammation-related proteins in blood collected on postnatal days 1, 7, and 14, and identified behavior problems using parent responses to the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1.5-5 (CBCL/1.5-5) at 2 y of age. A persistent or recurrent protein elevation was defined as a concentration in the highest quartile (for gestational age and postnatal age) on at least 2 d ~1 wk apart. Behavior problems were defined by CBCL/1.5-5 subscale scores at or above the 93 rd percentile.
resultsA single-day elevation of intercellular adhesion molecule-3 was associated with an increased risk of an attention problem, as were persistent or recurrent elevations of myeloperoxidase, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-RI, interleukin-8, intercellular adhesion molecule-3, vascular endothelial growth factor-R1, and vascular endothelial growth factor-R2. These associations persisted among infants without white matter injury and cognitive impairment.
conclusionAmong children born extremely prematurely, recurrent, or persistent elevations of inflammation-related proteins in blood during in the first two postnatal weeks are associated with an attention problem at age 2 y.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.