ArticleInfection and immunity2014
Live attenuated mutants of Francisella tularensis protect rabbits against aerosol challenge with a virulent type A strain.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structure of the hibernating Francisella tularensis ribosome and mechanistic insights into its inhibition by antibiotics.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Development, Strategies, and Challenges for Tularemia Vaccine.Current microbiology · 2024Review
- Marmosets as models of infectious diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- The O-Ag Antibody Response to Francisella Is Distinct in Rodents and Higher Animals and Can Serve as a Correlate of Protection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Deletion Mutants ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Identification of an Attenuated Substrain ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Differential Immune Response Following Intranasal and Intradermal Infection withMicroorganisms · 2021Review
- Characterization of Schu S4Virulence · 2020Article
- Inhibition of Francisella tularensis phagocytosis using a novel anti-LPS scFv antibody fragment.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Development, Characterization, and Standardization of a Nose-Only Inhalation Exposure System for Exposure of Rabbits to Small-Particle Aerosols Containing Francisella tularensis.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- Single vector platform vaccine protects against lethal respiratory challenge with Tier 1 select agents of anthrax, plague, and tularemia.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Deletion of the Major Facilitator Superfamily TransporterInfection and immunity · 2018Article
- Further Characterization of the Capsule-Like Complex (CLC) Produced byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Article
- Adaptive Immunity toFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Review
- Article
- Live Attenuated Tularemia Vaccines for Protection Against Respiratory Challenge With VirulentFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Review
- Aerosol prime-boost vaccination provides strong protection in outbred rabbits against virulent type A Francisella tularensis.PloS one · 2018Article
- The Natural History of Pneumonic Tularemia in Female Fischer 344 Rats after Inhalational Exposure to Aerosolized Francisella tularensis Subspecies tularensis Strain SCHU S4.The American journal of pathology · 2017Article
- Differential Growth ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Respiratory and oral vaccination improves protection conferred by the live vaccine strain against pneumonic tularemia in the rabbit model.Pathogens and disease · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Francisella tularensis, a Gram-negative bacterium, is the causative agent of tularemia. No licensed vaccine is currently available for protection against tularemia, although an attenuated strain, dubbed the live vaccine strain (LVS), is given to at-risk laboratory personnel as an investigational new drug (IND). In an effort to develop a vaccine that offers better protection, recombinant attenuated derivatives of a virulent type A strain, SCHU S4, were evaluated in New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. Rabbits vaccinated via scarification with the three attenuated derivatives (SCHU S4 ΔguaBA, ΔaroD, and ΔfipB strains) or with LVS developed a mild fever, but no weight loss was detected. Twenty-one days after vaccination, all vaccinated rabbits were seropositive for IgG to F. tularensis lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Thirty days after vaccination, all rabbits were challenged with aerosolized SCHU S4 at doses ranging from 50 to 500 50% lethal doses (LD50). All rabbits developed fevers and weight loss after challenge, but the severity was greater for mock-vaccinated rabbits. The ΔguaBA and ΔaroD SCHU S4 derivatives provided partial protection against death (27 to 36%) and a prolonged time to death compared to results for the mock-vaccinated group. In contrast, LVS and the ΔfipB strain both prolonged the time to death, but there were no survivors from the challenge. This is the first demonstration of vaccine efficacy against aerosol challenge with virulent type A F. tularensis in a species other than a rodent since the original work with LVS in the 1960s. The ΔguaBA and ΔaroD SCHU S4 derivatives warrant further evaluation and consideration as potential vaccines for tularemia and for identification of immunological correlates of protection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.