Trial reportPloS one2014
The sum of its parts--effects of gastric distention, nutrient content and sensory stimulation on brain activation.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01644539 (Functional MRI of Satiety, the Interaction Between Gastric and Oral Stimulation and Related Hormones in Healthy Men), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Functional MRI of Satiety, the Interaction Between Gastric and Oral Stimulation and Related Hormones in Healthy Men
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping brain activity of gut-brain signaling to appetite and satiety in healthy adults: A systematic review and functional neuroimaging meta-analysis.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Basic taste processing recruits bilateral anteroventral and middle dorsal insulae: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of fMRI studies.Brain and behavior · 2017Pooled it
- The effect of breakfast with different macronutrient composition on PYY, ghrelin, and ad libitum intake 4 h after breakfast in Indonesian obese women.BMC research notes · 2018Trial
- Prior Consumption of a Fat Meal in Healthy Adults Modulates the Brain's Response to Fat.The Journal of nutrition · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Differential brain response to a highly palatable drink in chronic low back pain patients.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Functional and evolutionary characteristics of human genes encoding cell surface receptors involved in the regulation of appetite.Journal of integrative bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Water intake, hydration, and weight management: the glass is half-full!Physiology & behavior · 2025Review
- Neural Mechanisms and Alterations of Sweet Sensing: Insights from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Neuroimaging Model of Visceral Manipulation in an Awake Rat.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- The Isle of Craig: Neuroanatomical and Functional Evidence for a Role of the Insular Cortex in Subjective Feelings.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- Interoceptive rhythms in the brain.Nature neuroscience · 2023Review
- Functional MRI activation of the nucleus tractus solitarius after taste stimuli at ultra-high field: a proof-of-concept single-subject study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- The vagus nerve mediates the stomach-brain coherence in rats.NeuroImage · 2022Article
- Good taste or gut feeling? A new method in rats shows oro-sensory stimulation and gastric distention generate distinct and overlapping brain activation patterns.The International journal of eating disorders · 2021Article
- Attenuating the Biologic Drive for Weight Regain Following Weight Loss: Must What Goes Down Always Go Back Up?Nutrients · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledDuring food consumption the brain integrates multiple interrelated neural and hormonal signals involved in the regulation of food intake. Factors influencing the decision to stop eating include the foods' sensory properties, macronutrient content, and volume, which in turn affect gastric distention and appetite hormone responses. So far, the contributions of gastric distention and oral stimulation by food on brain activation have not been studied. The primary objective of this study was to assess the effect of gastric distention with an intra-gastric load and the additional effect of oral stimulation on brain activity after food administration. Our secondary objective was to study the correlations between hormone responses and appetite-related ratings and brain activation. Fourteen men completed three functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions during which they either received a naso-gastric infusion of water (stomach distention), naso-gastric infusion of chocolate milk (stomach distention + nutrients), or ingested chocolate-milk (stomach distention + nutrients + oral exposure). Appetite ratings and blood parameters were measured at several time points. During gastric infusion, brain activation was observed in the midbrain, amygdala, hypothalamus, and hippocampus for both chocolate milk and water, i.e., irrespective of nutrient content. The thalamus, amygdala, putamen and precuneus were activated more after ingestion than after gastric infusion of chocolate milk, whereas infusion evoked greater activation in the hippocampus and anterior cingulate. Moreover, areas involved in gustation and reward were activated more after oral stimulation. Only insulin responses following naso-gastric infusion of chocolate milk correlated with brain activation, namely in the putamen and insula. In conclusion, we show that normal (oral) food ingestion evokes greater activation than gastric infusion in stomach distention and food intake-related brain areas. This provides neural evidence for the importance of sensory stimulation in the process of satiation.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01644539.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.