Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24612918›Full record

ArticleBiomaterials2014

Multivesicular liposomal bupivacaine at the sciatic nerve.

J Brian McAlvin, Robert F Padera, Sahadev A Shankarappa, Gally Reznor, Albert H Kwon, Homer H Chiang, Jason Yang, Daniel S Kohane

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomaterials, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 58 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed
11.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02624856 phase4withdrawnnot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Allocation Concealed Study Comparing the Efficacy of Liposomal Bupivacaine Over Standard Bupivacaine Plus Dexamethasone in Quadriceps Sparing Femoral Nerve Block and Wound Infiltration for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty

TypeinterventionalSponsorAlbany Medical CollegeRan2015 to 2020Enrolled0ConditionsOsteoarthritis, Pain, PostoperativeArmsLiposomal bupivacaine, Bupivacaine plus dexamethasone
NCT07689162 phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Liposomal Bupivacaine vs Standard Bupivacaine for Post-Rhinoplasty Analgesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorWashington University School of MedicineRan2026 to 2027Enrolled45ConditionsPain, PostoperativeArmsStandard Bupivacaine, Liposomal Bupivacaine
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 134 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Comparison of Liposomal Bupivacaine versus Bupivacaine in Superficial Parasternal Intercostal Plane Block for Cardiac Surgery with Median Sternotomy.Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery : official journal of the Association of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons of Asia · 2025
    Trial
  2. Article
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  6. Enhanced Control of Liposomal Drug Release by Drug-Aptamer Complexes.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
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  15. Article
  16. Polymeric Prodrugs using Dynamic Covalent Chemistry for Prolonged Local Anesthesia.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2024
    Article
  17. Galacturonic acid-capsaicin prodrug for prolonged nociceptive-selective nerve blockade.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

J Brian McAlvinDepartment of Medicine, Division of Medicine Critical Care, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Building 76-661, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Robert F PaderaBrigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Sahadev A ShankarappaAmrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Kochi, Kerala, India.
Gally ReznorLaboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Building 76-661, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Albert H KwonBoston Combined Residency Program in Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Homer H ChiangLaboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Building 76-661, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Jason YangMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Daniel S KohaneLaboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Building 76-661, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. Electronic address: daniel.kohane@childrens.harvard.edu.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USBoston Children's Hospital · USHarvard University · US

Funding

Prolonged Duration Local AnesthesiaR01GM073626 · NIGMS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI KOHANE, DANIEL S · 2006 to 2018
$4.7M
NIGMS NIH HHS GM 073626NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM073626
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clinical translation of sustained release formulations for local anesthetics has been limited by adverse tissue reaction. Exparel™ (DepoFoam bupivacaine) is a new liposomal local anesthetic formulation whose biocompatibility near nerve tissue is not well characterized. Exparel™ injection caused sciatic nerve blockade in rats lasting 240 min compared to 120 min for 0.5% (w/v) bupivacaine HCl and 210 min for 1.31% (w/v) bupivacaine HCl (same bupivacaine content as Exparel™). On histologic sections four days after injection, median inflammation scores in the Exparel™ group (2.5 of 4) were slightly higher than in groups treated with bupivacaine solutions (score 2). Myotoxicity scores in the Exparel™ group (2.5 of 6) were similar to in the 0.5% (w/v) bupivacaine HCl group (3), but significantly less than in the 1.31% (w/v) bupivacaine HCl group (5). After two weeks, inflammation from Exparel™ (score 2 of 6) was greater than from 0.5% (w/v) bupivacaine HCl (1) and similar to that from 1.31% (w/v) bupivacaine HCl (1). Myotoxicity in all three groups was not statistically significantly different. No neurotoxicity was detected in any group. Tissue reaction to Exparel™ was similar to that of 0.5% (w/v) bupivacaine HCl. Surveillance for local tissue injury will be important during future clinical evaluation.

Indexed as

Anesthetics, LocalAnimalsBupivacaineInjectionsLiposomesMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySciatic NerveAnesthetics, LocalBupivacaineLiposomesBupivacaineDepoFoamExparel™InflammationMyotoxicityNeurotoxicity

Identifiers

PMID24612918
PMCPMC3999413
OpenAlexW2058730169

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.