ArticlePathology oncology research : POR2014
Transforming growth factor-beta signaling leads to uPA/PAI-1 activation and metastasis: a study on human breast cancer tissues.
Article in Pathology oncology research : POR, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficient Inhibition of TGF-β Signaling via Cytosolic Delivery of a Smad2/3-Binding Peptide Using the Cell-Penetrating PG-SurfactantBioconjugate chemistry · 2026Article
- Non-small cell lung cancer map and analysis: exploring interconnected oncogenic signal integrators.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2025Article
- TGFβ in malignant canine mammary tumors: relation with angiogenesis, immunologic markers and prognostic role.The veterinary quarterly · 2024Article
- Old and New Aspects ofChildren (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Mechanisms of Tumor Progression and Novel Therapeutic Targets.Cancers · 2022Review
- SILAC-Based Quantification of TGFBR2-Regulated Protein Expression in Extracellular Vesicles of Microsatellite Unstable Colorectal Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Molecular size-dependent specificity of hyaluronan on functional properties, morphology and matrix composition of mammary cancer cells.Matrix biology plus · 2019Article
- MiR-HCC2 Up-regulates BAMBI and ELMO1 Expression to Facilitate the Proliferation and EMT of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.Journal of Cancer · 2019Article
- A local uPAR-plasmin-TGFβ1 positive feedback loop in a qualitative computational model of angiogenic sprouting explains the in vitro effect of fibrinogen variants.PLoS computational biology · 2018Article
- Association between transforming growth factor-β1 expression and the clinical features of triple negative breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2016Article
- Transforming growth factor-β: an important mediator in Helicobacter pylori-associated pathogenesis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metastasis represents a major problem in the treatment of patients with advanced primary breast cancer. Both Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β) signaling and Plasminogen Activator (PA) components, urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator (uPA) and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) represent a complex network crucial for such enhanced invasiveness of tumors and imply high prognostic/predictive and promising therapeutic potential. Therefore, protein expression of specific effector molecules comprising the main parts of the TGF-β signaling pathway were determined in HOPE-fixed human tumor tissues through IHC (Scoring) using tissue microarray (TMA) technique and correlated with respective uPA and PAI-1 levels determined earlier in the same TMAs through optimized IHC and semi-quantitative image analysis. TGF-β signaling was active in vast majority (96 %) of the tumor samples and 88 % of all cases were significantly correlated with established metastasis markers uPA and PAI-1. In addition, TGF-β was also closely associated with tumor size, nodal status and two steroid hormone receptors. Consistent interrelationships between TGF-β, PA components and additional tumor characteristics underline the superiority of such more comprising data with regards to confirming TGF-β signaling as a promising target system to inhibit metastasis in advanced breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.