ReviewHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2014
Targeting inflammation as a therapeutic strategy for drug-resistant epilepsies: an update of new immune-modulating approaches.
Review in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroinflammation and Graft Survival in Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Therapies for the Central Nervous System.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- ApoE4 as a Therapeutic Target in Epilepsy: From Pathogenic Mechanisms to Precision Medicine.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Epilepsy.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Virus-Induced Epilepsy vs. Epilepsy Patients Acquiring Viral Infection: Unravelling the Complex Relationship for Precision Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Blockade of Kv1.3 Potassium Channel Inhibits Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2022Article
- Inflammation-related genes and immune infiltration landscape identified in kainite-induced temporal lobe epilepsy based on integrated bioinformatics analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Saracatinib, a Src Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, as a Disease Modifier in the Rat DFP Model: Sex Differences, Neurobehavior, Gliosis, Neurodegeneration, and Nitro-Oxidative Stress.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Neuroinflammation: A Signature or a Cause of Epilepsy?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Towards a Treatment for Neuroinflammation in Epilepsy: Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, Anakinra, as a Potential Treatment in Intractable Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Neuroinflammation in Post-Traumatic Epilepsy: Pathophysiology and Tractable Therapeutic Targets.Brain sciences · 2019Review
- A Model of Chronic Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Presenting Constantly Rhythmic and Robust Spontaneous Seizures, Co-morbidities and Hippocampal Neuropathology.Aging and disease · 2019Article
- In search of antiepileptogenic treatments for post-traumatic epilepsy.Neurobiology of disease · 2019Review
- Molecular Mechanism Involved in the Pathogenesis of Early-Onset Epileptic Encephalopathy.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2019Article
- Biological Activity and Pharmacological Application of Pectic Polysaccharides: A Review.Polymers · 2018Review
- Ex vivo model of epilepsy in organotypic slices-a new tool for drug screening.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2018Article
- Neuroinflammatory Nexus of Pediatric Epilepsy.Journal of pediatric epilepsy · 2018Article
- Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsies: an observational study on clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic features in a pediatric cohort.Metabolic brain disease · 2018Observational
- An Ontology Systems Approach on Human Brain Expression and Metaproteomics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Altered Expression of CXCL13 and CXCR5 in Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients and Pilocarpine-Induced Epileptic Rats.Neurochemical research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An increasing body of literature data suggests that inflammation, and in particular neuroinflammation, is involved in the pathophysiology of particular forms of epilepsy and convulsive disorders. Animal models have been used to identify inflammatory triggers in epileptogenesis and inflammation has recently been shown to enhance seizures. For example, pharmacological blockade of the IL-1beta/IL-1 receptor type 1 axis during epileptogenesis has been demonstrated to provide neuroprotection in temporal lobe epilepsy. Furthermore, experimental models have suggested that neural damage and the onset of spontaneous recurrent seizures are modulated via complex interactions between innate and adaptive immunity. However, it has also been suggested that inflammation can occur as a result of epilepsy, since animal models have also shown that seizure activity can induce neuroinflammation, and that recurrent seizures maintain chronic inflammation, thereby perpetuating seizures. On the basis of these observations, it has been suggested that immune-mediated therapeutic strategies may be beneficial for treating some drug resistant epilepsies with an underlying demonstrable inflammatory process. Although the potential mechanisms of immunotherapeutic strategies in drug-resistant seizures have been extensively discussed, evidence on the efficacy of such therapy is limited. However, recent research efforts have been directed toward utilizing the potential therapeutic benefits of anti-inflammatory agents in neurological disease and these are now considered prime candidates in the ongoing search for novel anti-epileptic drugs. The objective of our review is to highlight the immunological features of the pathogenesis of seizures and to analyze possible immunotherapeutic approaches for drug resistant epilepsies that can alter the immune-mediated pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.