Trial reportPloS one2014
Locomotor-like leg movements evoked by rhythmic arm movements in humans.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age-related changes in mobility assessments correlate with repetitive goal-directed arm-movement performance.BMC geriatrics · 2023Trial
- Exploring foot-based SNARC effect by hand posture: insights from embodied cognition.Cognitive processing · 2026Article
- Do Leg-Focused Exercises Improve Arm and Hand Function for Individuals With Neurologic Disorders? A Scoping Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2026Review
- Hybrid assistive limb treatment for patients with severe cervical and thoracic myelopathy due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and ligamentum flavum: Feasibility, safety, and efficacy in the acute and chronic phases.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2026Article
- Muscle responses to limb block during spontaneous movements in infants.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Gait Variability as a Potential Motor Marker of Cerebellar Disease-Relationship between Variability of Stride, Arm Swing and Trunk Movements, and Walking Speed.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Homing tasks performed using variations of crawling gait patterns reveal a role for attention in podokinetic path integration.Experimental brain research · 2023Article
- Exoskeleton gait training with spinal cord neuromodulation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Review
- Stimulating the motor development of very premature infants: effects of early crawling training on a mini-skateboard.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Article
- Intermuscular coherence analysis in older adults reveals that gait-related arm swing drives lower limb muscles via subcortical and cortical pathways.The Journal of physiology · 2021Article
- Hybrid Assistive Limb Functional Treatment for a Patient with Chronic Incomplete Cervical Spinal Cord Injury.International medical case reports journal · 2021Article
- Combined Supra- and Sub-Lesional Epidural Electrical Stimulation for Restoration of the Motor Functions after Spinal Cord Injury in Mini Pigs.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Mediolateral damping of an overhead body weight support system assists stability during treadmill walking.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2020Article
- Maturation of the Locomotor Circuitry in Children With Cerebral Palsy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Review
- Neuromechanical adaptations during a robotic powered exoskeleton assisted walking session.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2018Article
- Sherlock Holmes and the curious case of the human locomotor central pattern generator.Journal of neurophysiology · 2018Review
- Early manifestation of arm-leg coordination during stepping on a surface in human neonates.Experimental brain research · 2018Article
- Human-Human Interaction Forces and Interlimb Coordination During Side-by-Side Walking With Hand Contact.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Voluntary Ambulation by Upper Limb-Triggered HAL® in Patients with Complete Quadri/Paraplegia Due to Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Motion of the upper limbs is often coupled to that of the lower limbs in human bipedal locomotion. It is unclear, however, whether the functional coupling between upper and lower limbs is bi-directional, i.e. whether arm movements can affect the lumbosacral locomotor circuitry. Here we tested the effects of voluntary rhythmic arm movements on the lower limbs. Participants lay horizontally on their side with each leg suspended in an unloading exoskeleton. They moved their arms on an overhead treadmill as if they walked on their hands. Hand-walking in the antero-posterior direction resulted in significant locomotor-like movements of the legs in 58% of the participants. We further investigated quantitatively the responses in a subset of the responsive subjects. We found that the electromyographic (EMG) activity of proximal leg muscles was modulated over each cycle with a timing similar to that of normal locomotion. The frequency of kinematic and EMG oscillations in the legs typically differed from that of arm oscillations. The effect of hand-walking was direction specific since medio-lateral arm movements did not evoke appreciably leg air-stepping. Using externally imposed trunk movements and biomechanical modelling, we ruled out that the leg movements associated with hand-walking were mainly due to the mechanical transmission of trunk oscillations. EMG activity in hamstring muscles associated with hand-walking often continued when the leg movements were transiently blocked by the experimenter or following the termination of arm movements. The present results reinforce the idea that there exists a functional neural coupling between arm and legs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.