ArticlePloS one2014
Understanding racial HIV/STI disparities in black and white men who have sex with men: a multilevel approach.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 240 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Review of Network Models for HIV Spread.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Pooled it
- Suboptimal Recent and Regular HIV Testing Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States: Implications From a Meta-Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Pooled it
- Sexual Risk Behaviors in Adolescent Sexual Minority Males: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The journal of primary prevention · 2018Pooled it
- Behavioral Efficacy of a Sexual Health Mobile App for Men Who Have Sex With Men: Randomized Controlled Trial of Mobile Messaging for Men.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- Project Moxie: Results of a Feasibility Study of a Telehealth Intervention to Increase HIV Testing Among Binary and Nonbinary Transgender Youth.AIDS and behavior · 2020Trial
- Stigma Diminishes the Protective Effect of Social Support on Psychological Distress Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2018Trial
- Biomedical and Behavioral Outcomes of Keep It Up!: An eHealth HIV Prevention Program RCT.American journal of preventive medicine · 2018Trial
- Sexual Stereotypes Ascribed to Black Men Who Have Sex with Men: An Intersectional Analysis.Archives of sexual behavior · 2018Trial
- Effects of messaging about multiple biomedical and behavioral HIV prevention methods on intentions to use among US MSM: results of an experimental messaging study.AIDS and behavior · 2014Trial
- Racial Disparities in HIV Prevalence, Testing, and Care Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Baltimore from 2008 to 2023: Fifteen Years of HIV Behavioral Surveillance.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- The Burden of Intersecting Internalized Homophobia and Internalized HIV Stigma Can Exacerbate Depression Symptoms Among Gay Men Living with HIV in Türkiye.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Article
- Ethnic disparities in prevalence and screening rates of sexually transmitted infections.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2025Review
- Mortgage discrimination at the intersection of race and sexual orientation and its association with HIV incidence among sexual minority men in the U.S.Annals of epidemiology · 2025Article
- "We Live in Different Chicagos": Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Neighborhood Affiliations of Young Men Who Have Sex with Men as Drivers of HIV Risk.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Preventing Premature Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Discontinuation and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (Project PEACH): Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Structural Inequities, Syndemics, and Resilience: The Critical Role of Social Support in Overcoming Barriers and Empowering Engagement in HIV Care for Young Black Sexual-Minority Men in the US South.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Risk and demographic factors associated with STI testing adherence among non-single men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2024Article
- Innovation and implementation determinants of HIV testing and linkage-to-care in the U.S.: a systematic review.Implementation science communications · 2024Review
- I Can't Afford it Right Now, So it Doesn't Matter" Structural Drivers of Viral Suppression Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Longitudinal Qualitative Approach.Research square · 2024Article
- Article
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe reasons for black/white disparities in HIV epidemics among men who have sex with men have puzzled researchers for decades. Understanding reasons for these disparities requires looking beyond individual-level behavioral risk to a more comprehensive framework. METHODS AND
findingsFrom July 2010-December 2012, 803 men (454 black, 349 white) were recruited through venue-based and online sampling; consenting men were provided HIV and STI testing, completed a behavioral survey and a sex partner inventory, and provided place of residence for geocoding. HIV prevalence was higher among black (43%) versus white (13% MSM (prevalence ratio (PR) 3.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.5-4.4). Among HIV-positive men, the median CD4 count was significantly lower for black (490 cells/µL) than white (577 cells/µL) MSM; there was no difference in the HIV RNA viral load by race. Black men were younger, more likely to be bisexual and unemployed, had less educational attainment, and reported fewer male sex partners, fewer unprotected anal sex partners, and less non-injection drug use. Black MSM were significantly more likely than white MSM to have rectal chlamydia and gonorrhea, were more likely to have racially concordant partnerships, more likely to have casual (one-time) partners, and less likely to discuss serostatus with partners. The census tracts where black MSM lived had higher rates of poverty and unemployment, and lower median income. They also had lower proportions of male-male households, lower male to female sex ratios, and lower HIV diagnosis rates.
conclusionsAmong black and white MSM in Atlanta, disparities in HIV and STI prevalence by race are comparable to those observed nationally. We identified differences between black and white MSM at the individual, dyadic/sexual network, and community levels. The reasons for black/white disparities in HIV prevalence in Atlanta are complex, and will likely require a multilevel framework to understand comprehensively.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.