ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2014
Detection of pituitary antibodies by immunofluorescence: approach and results in patients with pituitary diseases.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Subset of Men With Age-Related Decline in Testosterone Have Gonadotroph Autoantibodies.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2016Trial
- Management, biomarkers and prognosis in people developing endocrinopathies associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Systematic review of fluorescence-guided surgery in pituitary neuroendocrine tumours.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2025Review
- Plurihormonal Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Clinical Relevance of Immunohistochemical Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Uncovering the flip side of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a comprehensive review of immune-related adverse events and predictive biomarkers.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Review
- Inflammatory and Infectious Disorders in Endocrine Pathology.Endocrine pathology · 2023Review
- Preferential B cell differentiation by combined immune checkpoint blockade for renal cell carcinoma is associated with clinical response and autoimmune reactions.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Article
- Autoantibodies involved in primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Immuno-oncology technology · 2023Review
- Characterizing and Quenching Autofluorescence in Fixed Mouse Adrenal Cortex Tissue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Hypophysitis, the Growing Spectrum of a Rare Pituitary Disease.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Review
- Mechanistic insights into immune checkpoint inhibitor-related hypophysitis: a form of paraneoplastic syndrome.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Article
- Markers of humoral and cell-mediated immune response in primary autoimmune hypophysitis: a pilot study.Endocrine · 2021Article
- Th17 Cells Contribute to the Pathology of Autoimmune Hypophysitis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Anti-pituitary antibodies and susceptible human leukocyte antigen alleles as predictive biomarkers for pituitary dysfunction induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Potential Biomarkers of Endocrine Dysfunction Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2021Review
- Clinical Heterogeneity of Acquired Idiopathic Isolated Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Deficiency.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Immune Checkpoint Blockade Anti-PD-L1 as a Trigger for Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2019Article
- Clinical heterogeneity of hypophysitis secondary to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: insights from four cases.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports · 2019Article
- Primary hypophysitis and other autoimmune disorders of the sellar and suprasellar regions.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2018Review
- Autoimmune pituitary involvement in Prader-Willi syndrome: new perspective for further research.Endocrine · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextPituitary antibodies have been measured mainly to identify patients whose disease is caused or sustained by pituitary-specific autoimmunity. Although reported in over 100 publications, they have yielded variable results and are thus considered of limited clinical utility.
objectivesOur objectives were to analyze all publications reporting pituitary antibodies by immunofluorescence for detecting the major sources of variability, to experimentally test these sources and devise an optimized immunofluorescence protocol, and to assess prevalence and significance of pituitary antibodies in patients with pituitary diseases. STUDY DESIGN AND OUTCOME MEASURES: We first evaluated the effect of pituitary gland species, section fixation, autofluorescence quenching, blockade of unwanted antibody binding, and use of purified IgG on the performance of this antibody assay. We then measured cross-sectionally the prevalence of pituitary antibodies in 390 pituitary cases and 60 healthy controls, expressing results as present or absent and according to the (granular, diffuse, perinuclear, or mixed) staining pattern.
resultsHuman pituitary was the best substrate to detect pituitary antibodies and yielded an optimal signal-to-noise ratio when treated with Sudan black B to reduce autofluorescence. Pituitary antibodies were more common in cases (95 of 390, 24%) than controls (3 of 60, 5%, P = .001) but did not discriminate among pituitary diseases when reported dichotomously. However, when expressed according to their cytosolic staining, a granular pattern was highly predictive of pituitary autoimmunity (P < .0001).
conclusionWe report a comprehensive study of pituitary antibodies by immunofluorescence and provide a method and an interpretation scheme that should be useful for identifying and monitoring patients with pituitary autoimmunity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.