ArticleViral immunology2014
Immune markers associated with host susceptibility to infection with West Nile virus.
Article in Viral immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory Response Associated with West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease: A Systematic Review.Viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Identification of genetic variants associated with dengue or West Nile virus disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Discovery of host genetic factors through multi-locus GWAS against toxoplasmosis in sheep: addressing one health perspectives.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Early cellular and molecular signatures correlate with severity of West Nile virus infection.iScience · 2023Article
- Blockade of interferon signaling decreases gut barrier integrity and promotes severe West Nile virus disease.Nature communications · 2023Article
- A Journey to the Central Nervous System: Routes of Flaviviral Neuroinvasion in Human Disease.Viruses · 2022Review
- Severe West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease: Clinical Characteristics, Short- and Long-Term Outcomes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Antiviral Cytokine Response in Neuroinvasive and Non-Neuroinvasive West Nile Virus Infection.Viruses · 2021Article
- Unique Cytokine Response in West Nile Virus Patients Who Developed Chronic Kidney Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.Viruses · 2021Article
- In-Depth Analysis of Genetic Variation Associated with Severe West Nile Viral Disease.Vaccines · 2020Article
- West Nile Virus: An Update on Pathobiology, Epidemiology, Diagnostics, Control and "One Health" Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Single cell immune profiling of dengue virus patients reveals intact immune responses to Zika virus with enrichment of innate immune signatures.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Differential Pattern of Soluble Immune Markers in Asymptomatic Dengue, West Nile and Zika Virus Infections.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- The Role of Nucleic Acid Sensing in Controlling Microbial and Autoimmune Disorders.International review of cell and molecular biology · 2019Review
- Endemic and emerging arboviral diseases of livestock in Nigeria: a review.Parasites & vectors · 2018Review
- Minocycline Has Anti-inflammatory Effects and Reduces Cytotoxicity in anJournal of virology · 2017Article
- West Nile Virus Seroprevalence, Connecticut, USA, 2000-2014.Emerging infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Age-related alterations in immune responses to West Nile virus infection.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2017Review
- The natural killer cell response to West Nile virus in young and old individuals with or without a prior history of infection.PloS one · 2017Observational
- Neuroinvasive West Nile Infection Elicits Elevated and Atypically Polarized T Cell Responses That Promote a Pathogenic Outcome.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Infections with West Nile virus (WNV) are typically asymptomatic, but some patients experience severe neurological disease and even death. Over 1500 fatalities have resulted from the more than 37,000 WNV cases in the USA between 1999 and 2012. While it is clear that age is a significant risk factor, markers of immune status associated with susceptibility to severe infections are incompletely defined. We have taken advantage of stable characteristics of individual status to profile immune markers from a stratified cohort of healthy subjects with a history of asymptomatic or severe infection with WNV. We characterized individual variations in antibody and serum cytokine levels and genome-wide transcriptional profiles of peripheral blood cells (PBMCs). While antibody levels were not significantly different between cohorts, we found that subjects with a history of severe infection had significantly lower levels of serum IL-4, and that these changes in IL-4 levels were associated with altered gene expression patterns in PBMCs. In addition, we identified a signature of 105 genes that displayed altered expression levels when comparing subjects with a history of asymptomatic or severe infection. These results suggest that systems-level analysis of immune system status can be used to identify factors relevant for susceptibility to severe infections, and specifically point to an important contribution for IL-4 in resistance to WNV infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.