ArticlePLoS pathogens2014
The effect of cell growth phase on the regulatory cross-talk between flagellar and Spi1 virulence gene expression.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
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- HilE mediates motility thermoregulation in typhoidal Salmonella serovars at elevated physiological temperatures.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Controlling intracellular protein delivery, tumor colonization and tissue distribution using flhDC in clinically relevant ΔsseJ Salmonella.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
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- Controlling tumor progression and recurrence in mice through combined treatment with a PD-L1 inhibitor and a designerActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Article
- SPI-1 virulence gene expression modulates motility of Salmonella Typhimurium in a proton motive force- and adhesins-dependent manner.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Two Additional Connections between the Transcriptional Programs Controlling Invasion and Intracellular Replication of Salmonella: HilD-SprB Positively RegulatesJournal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Regulatory Evolution of theJournal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- A motile doublet form of Salmonella Typhimurium diversifies target search behavior at the epithelial surface.Molecular microbiology · 2022Article
- The Transcription of Flagella of EnteropathogenicMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Inhibition of Virulence Gene Expression inFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Downregulation of a novel flagellar synthesis regulator AsiR promotes intracellular replication and systemic pathogenicity ofVirulence · 2021Article
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- Intracellular delivery of protein drugs with an autonomously lysing bacterial system reduces tumor growth and metastases.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Control of membrane barrier during bacterial type-III protein secretion.Nature communications · 2021Article
- An incoherent feedforward loop formed by SirA/BarA, HilE and HilD is involved in controlling the growth cost of virulence factor expression by Salmonella Typhimurium.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Structure-based analyses of Salmonella RcsB variants unravel new features of the Rcs regulon.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Single Cell Analysis of Bistable Expression of Pathogenicity Island 1 and the Flagellar Regulon inMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Regulatory protein HilD stimulates Salmonella Typhimurium invasiveness by promoting smooth swimming via the methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein McpC.Nature communications · 2021Article
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2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The flagellar regulon controls Salmonella biofilm formation, virulence gene expression and the production of the major surface antigen present on the cell surface: flagellin. At the top of a flagellar regulatory hierarchy is the master operon, flhDC, which encodes the FlhD₄C₂ transcriptional complex required for the expression of flagellar, chemotaxis and Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (Spi1) genes. Of six potential transcriptional start-sites within the flhDC promoter region, only two, P1(flhDC) and P5(flhDC), were functional in a wild-type background, while P6(flhDC) was functional in the absence of CRP. These promoters are transcribed differentially to control either flagellar or Spi1 virulent gene expression at different stages of cell growth. Transcription from P1(flhDC) initiates flagellar assembly and a negative autoregulatory loop through FlhD₄C₂-dependent transcription of the rflM gene, which encodes a repressor of flhDC transcription. Transcription from P1(flhDC) also initiates transcription of the Spi1 regulatory gene, hilD, whose product, in addition to activating Spi1 genes, also activates transcription of the flhDC P5 promoter later in the cell growth phase. The regulators of flhDC transcription (RcsB, LrhA, RflM, HilD, SlyA and RtsB) also exert their control at different stages of the cell growth phase and are also subjected to cell growth phase control. This dynamic of flhDC transcription separates the roles of FlhD₄C₂ transcriptional activation into an early cell growth phase role for flagellar production from a late cell growth phase role in virulence gene expression.
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