ArticleJournal of occupational and environmental medicine2014
Iraq dust is respirable, sharp, and metal-laden and induces lung inflammation with fibrosis in mice via IL-2 upregulation and depletion of regulatory T cells.
Article in Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of peribronchiolar fibrosis is associated with local immune and MAPK pathway activation in a murine model of deployment-related constrictive bronchiolitis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Current understanding of the impact of United States military airborne hazards and burn pit exposures on respiratory health.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2024Review
- Particle Morphology and Elemental Analysis of Lung Tissue from Post-9/11 Military Personnel with Biopsy-Proven Lung Disease.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Particle analysis of surgical lung biopsies from deployed and non-deployed US service members during the Global War on Terrorism.PloS one · 2024Article
- Military burn pit exposure and airway disease: Implications for our Veteran population.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2023Review
- Iraq/Afghanistan war lung injury reflects burn pits exposure.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals a Unique Monocyte Population in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells of Mice Challenged With Afghanistan Particulate Matter and Allergen.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2021Article
- Particulate matter air pollution and respiratory impact on humans and animals.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2018Review
- Afghanistan Particulate Matter Enhances Pro-Inflammatory Responses in IL-13-Exposed Human Airway Epithelium via TLR2 Signaling.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2018Article
- Rux largely restores lungs in Iraq PM-exposed mice, Up-regulating regulatory T-cells (Tregs).Experimental lung research · 2018Article
- Proposed Iraq/Afghanistan War-Lung Injury (IAW-LI) Clinical Practice Recommendations: National Academy of Sciences' Institute of Medicine Burn Pits Workshop.American journal of men's health · 2017Article
- Are Internalized Metals a Long-term Health Hazard for Military Veterans?Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · 2016Article
- Aeroparticles, Composition, and Lung Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Review
- Elevated titanium levels in Iraqi children with neurodevelopmental disorders echo findings in occupation soldiers.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2015Article
- Protective Effect and Mechanism of Action of Rosmarinic Acid on Radiation-Induced Parotid Gland Injury in Rats.Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesDetermine whether surface dust grab samples taken from a large military base in Iraq are toxic and respirable.
methodsX-ray diffraction for mineral content, x-ray fluorescence for elemental content, in vivo mouse dust challenges for assessment of histological changes, bronchoalveolar lavage for cytokines, polarizing light microscopy for crystals in lung tissue, and Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting for cell surface and intracellular markers were utilized.
resultsCamp Victory, Iraq dust taken during wartime contains respirable particles 2.5 microns in size, constituting particulate matter air pollution. Dust particles are angular and have sharp edges. Trace metals (including titanium) calcium and silicon are present. Mice with airway instillation of dust have polarizable crystals in lung and septate inflammation. Regulatory T cells (CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺) are decreased in thymus and spleen. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is upregulated in bronchoalveolar lavage.
conclusionsRespirable Iraq dust leads to lung inflammation in mice similar to that seen in patients with polarizable crystals, which seem to be titanium.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.