ArticleJournal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS2014
Efficacy and safety of 5 anesthetics in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).
Article in Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Anesthesia-Free Pharmacological Assay for Zebrafish Heart Failure Models Using a Microfluidic Platform.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Twenty-four-hour post-anaesthetic behavioural effects of menthol and thymol compared to conventional anaesthetics in zebrafish.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- Evaluation of electrophysiological biomarkers in the Amazonian fish Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus after menthol exposure.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2026Article
- AcuteBiology · 2026Article
- Sevoflurane induces developmental cardiotoxicity via AMPKα2 dysregulation in zebrafish.Cell & bioscience · 2026Article
- Behavioral, Biochemical, andPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Chromatophores and their role in the healing process of the integument of Gymnotus carapo (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes).Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Impact of dietary composition on behavioural expression and gut microbiome dynamics in zebrafish.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Integrated response of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) cardiovascular system to hypoxia acclimation.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of thymol application for anaesthesia of adult zebrafish.Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2025Article
- Menthol as a sustainable alternative anaesthetic for adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- The Serotonergic Dorsal Raphe Promotes Emergence from Propofol Anesthesia in Zebrafish.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Variant ribosomal DNA is essential for female differentiation in zebrafish.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Tricaine, eugenol and etomidate for repetitive procedural anesthesia in adult zebrafish,Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Eugenol and MS-222 as Anesthetics in Zebrafish in Repeated Exposures and Post-Anesthesia Behaviour.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Assessment of the effect of tricaine (MS-222)-induced anesthesia on brain-wide neuronal activity of zebrafish (Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Article
- Duox is the primary NADPH oxidase responsible for ROS production during adult caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish.iScience · 2023Article
- Live Imaging in Planarians: Immobilization and Real-Time Visualization of Reactive Oxygen Species.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although the safety and efficacy of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS222) for anesthesia of fish are well established, other anesthetics used less commonly in fish have been less extensively evaluated. Therefore, we compared gradual cooling, lidocaine hydrochloride (300, 325, and 350 mg/L), metomidate hydrochloride (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/L), and isoflurane (0.5 mL/L) with MS222 (150 mg/L) for anesthesia of adult zebrafish. The efficacy and safety of each agent was evaluated by observing loss of equilibrium, slowing of opercular movement, response to tail-fin pinch, recovery time, and anesthesia-associated mortality rates. At 15 min after anesthetic recovery, we used a novel-tank test to evaluate whether anesthetic exposure influenced short-term anxiety-like behavior. Behavioral parameters measured included latency to enter and number of transitions to the upper half of the tank, number of erratic movements, and number of freezing bouts. Behavior after anesthesia was unaltered regardless of the anesthetic used. Efficacy and safety differed among the anesthetics evaluated. Gradual cooling was useful for short procedures requiring immobilization only, but all instrumentation and surfaces that come in contact with fish must be maintained at approximately 10 °C. MS222 and lidocaine hydrochloride at 325 mg/L were effective as anesthetic agents for surgical procedures in adult zebrafish, but isoflurane and high-dose lidocaine hydrochloride were unsuitable as sole anesthetic agents due to high (30%) mortality rates. Although MS222 remains the best choice for generating a surgical plane of anesthe- sia, metomidate hydrochloride and gradual cooling were useful for sedation and immobilization for nonpainful procedures.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24602548PMC3966278W106579308What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.