ReviewSeminars in immunology2014
The two faces of IL-6 in the tumor microenvironment.
Review in Seminars in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 385 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
385 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 676 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Genome-Wide Histone Acetylation Underlies Tumor Intrinsic Immune Signaling Induced by Photothermal Therapy in Ovarian Cancer.Research square · 2026Article
- Prognostic Significance of the Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in Patients With Stage IV Melanoma Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.The Journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- IL‑6: A key player in the EGFR‑TKI‑resistant tumor microenvironment and its therapeutic implications (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- The role of cytokines in ovarian cancer drug resistance.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
325 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Within the tumor microenvironment, IL-6 signaling is generally considered a malevolent player, assuming a dark visage that promotes tumor progression. Chronic IL-6 signaling is linked to tumorigenesis in numerous mouse models as well as in human disease. IL-6 acts intrinsically on tumor cells through numerous downstream mediators to support cancer cell proliferation, survival, and metastatic dissemination. Moreover, IL-6 can act extrinsically on other cells within the complex tumor microenvironment to sustain a pro-tumor milieu by supporting angiogenesis and tumor evasion of immune surveillance. A lesser known role for IL-6 signaling has recently emerged in which it plays a beneficial role, presenting a fairer face that opposes tumor growth by mobilizing anti-tumor T cell immune responses to attain tumor control. Accumulating evidence establishes IL-6 as a key player in the activation, proliferation and survival of lymphocytes during active immune responses. IL-6 signaling can also resculpt the T cell immune response, shifting it from a suppressive to a responsive state that can effectively act against tumors. Finally, IL-6 plays an indispensable role in boosting T cell trafficking to lymph nodes and to tumor sites, where they have the opportunity to become activated and execute their cytotoxic effector functions, respectively. Here, we discuss the dual faces of IL-6 signaling in the tumor microenvironment; the dark face that drives malignancy, and the fairer aspect that promotes anti-tumor adaptive immunity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.