ArticleToxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology2014
Mechanistic evaluation of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract-induced genotoxicity in L5178Y cells.
Article in Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Ginkgo Biloba and Long COVID: In Vivo and In Vitro Models for the Evaluation of Nanotherapeutic Efficacy.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Effects ofTheScientificWorldJournal · 2022Article
- Review
- Mechanistic Evaluation of Black Cohosh Extract-Induced Genotoxicity in Human Cells.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2021Article
- The genotoxicity potential of luteolin is enhanced by CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells.Toxicology letters · 2021Article
- Nutraceuticals: Transformation of Conventional Foods into Health Promoters/Disease Preventers and Safety Considerations.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Cytotoxic effect ofHeliyon · 2020Article
- Detection of Loss of Heterozygosity in Tk-Deficient Mutants from L5178Y TkMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2020Article
- An appraisal of natural products active against parasitic nematodes of animals.Parasites & vectors · 2019Review
- The Extract of Leonurus sibiricus Transgenic Roots with AtPAP1 Transcriptional Factor Induces Apoptosis via DNA Damage and Down Regulation of Selected Epigenetic Factors in Human Cancer Cells.Neurochemical research · 2018Article
- Review of Ginkgo biloba-induced toxicity, from experimental studies to human case reports.Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Environmental carcinogenesis & ecotoxicology reviews · 2017Review
- Ginkgo biloba leaf extract induces DNA damage by inhibiting topoisomerase II activity in human hepatic cells.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba has been used for many thousand years as a traditional herbal remedy and its extract has been consumed for many decades as a dietary supplement. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract is a complex mixture with many constituents, including flavonol glycosides and terpene lactones. The National Toxicology Program 2-year cancer bioassay found that G. biloba leaf extract targets the liver, thyroid gland, and nose of rodents; however, the mechanism of G. biloba leaf extract-associated carcinogenicity remains unclear. In the current study, the in vitro genotoxicity of G. biloba leaf extract and its eight constituents was evaluated using the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA) and Comet assay. The underlying mechanisms of G. biloba leaf extract-associated genotoxicity were explored. Ginkgo biloba leaf extract, quercetin, and kaempferol resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the mutant frequency and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Western blot analysis confirmed that G. biloba leaf extract, quercetin, and kaempferol activated the DNA damage signaling pathway with increased expression of γ-H2AX and phosphorylated Chk2 and Chk1. In addition, G. biloba leaf extract produced reactive oxygen species and decreased glutathione levels in L5178Y cells. Loss of heterozygosity analysis of mutants indicated that G. biloba leaf extract, quercetin, and kaempferol treatments resulted in extensive chromosomal damage. These results indicate that G. biloba leaf extract and its two constituents, quercetin and kaempferol, are mutagenic to the mouse L5178Y cells and induce DSBs. Quercetin and kaempferol likely are major contributors to G. biloba leaf extract-induced genotoxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.