Trial reportThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2014
White matter signal abnormalities in children with suspected HIV-related neurologic disease on early combination antiretroviral therapy.
Trial report in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between Neuroimaging Measures and Cognitive Performance in Children, Adolescents, and Youth Living With HIV-a Systematic Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Pooled it
- Improved Neurodevelopment After Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2018Trial
- Comparison of developmental milestone attainment in early treated HIV-infected infants versus HIV-unexposed infants: a prospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2017Trial
- Brain MRI and neurocognitive characteristics of children and adolescents living with HIV.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2026Article
- Exposure to Frontline Antiretroviral Dolutegravir Disrupts Oligodendrocyte Development Across Differentiation Stages.ASN neuro · 2026Article
- Brain Imaging in New-Onset Seizure of Children Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Zambia.Pediatric neurology · 2024Article
- Understanding the impact of congenital infections and perinatal viral exposures on the developing brain using white matter magnetic resonance imaging: a scoping review.BMC medical imaging · 2024Article
- Central Nervous System Complications of HIV in Children.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Altered White Matter Tracts in the Somatosensory, Salience, Motor, and Default Mode Networks in 7-Year-Old Children Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Tractographic Analysis.Brain connectivity · 2022Article
- Alcohol use is associated with mental health problems and brain structural alterations in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV infection on ART.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Reduced neuronal population in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in infant macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV).Journal of neurovirology · 2021Article
- Article
- White matter of perinatally HIV infected older youths shows low frequency fluctuations that may reflect glial cycling.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Cerebrovascular Disease in Children Perinatally Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Zambia.Pediatric neurology · 2020Article
- Brain microstructural changes support cognitive deficits in HIV uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
- Article
- MRS suggests multi-regional inflammation and white matter axonal damage at 11 years following perinatal HIV infection.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Article
- Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings Associated With Cognitive Impairment in Children and Adolescents With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Zambia.Pediatric neurology · 2020Article
- Brain structure of perinatally HIV-infected patients on long-term treatment: A systematic review.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2019Review
- White matter microstructure among perinatally HIV-infected youth: a diffusion tensor imaging study.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe natural history and manifestation of HIV-related neurologic disease have been ameliorated by combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). We describe the characteristics of white matter signal abnormalities (WMSA) on magnetic resonance imaging in children with HIV-related neurologic disease.
methodsWe reviewed magnetic resonance imaging scans of children with suspected HIV-related neurologic disease despite early ART and correlated with clinical, neurodevelopmental data, virologic markers and time on ART. These children were also on the Children with HIV Early Antiretroviral (CHER) trial.
resultsMagnetic resonance imaging scans were performed at a mean age 31.9 months (range 8-54) on 44 children: 10 on deferred and 34 on early treatment arms, commencing ART at mean age of 18.5 and 8 weeks, respectively. Multiple high signal intensity lesions on T2/fluid attenuated inversion recovery were documented in 22 patients (50%), predominantly in frontal (91%) and parietal (82%) white matter. No differences in neurodevelopmental scores comparing children with and without WMSA were found. Neither lesion load nor distribution showed significant correlation with neurodevelopmental scores or neurologic examination. Normal head growth was more common in the WMSA group (P = 0.01). There was a trend for association of WMSA and longer time on ART (P = 0.13) and nadir CD4% (P = 0.08).
conclusionsHalf of children referred with HIV-related brain disease had WMSA on T2/fluid attenuated inversion recovery. Our findings of the association with normal head growth and duration of ART require further study. We suspect that WMSA can occur early and that initiating ART by 8 weeks of life may be too late to prevent HIV from entering the central nervous system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.