Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24593917›Full record

Trial reportEpidemics2014

The efficacy of oral azithromycin in clearing ocular chlamydia: mathematical modeling from a community-randomized trachoma trial.

Fengchen Liu, Travis C Porco, Harran A Mkocha, Beatriz Muñoz, Kathryn J Ray, Robin L Bailey, Thomas M Lietman, Sheila K West

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Epidemics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Mass drug administration: the importance of synchrony.Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA · 2017
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Coinfection Dynamics of Two Diseases in a Single Host Population.Journal of mathematical analysis and applications · 2016
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. An eye for azithromycin: review of the literature.Therapeutic advances in ophthalmology
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Fengchen LiuF.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Travis C PorcoF.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: travis.porco@ucsf.edu.
Harran A MkochaKongwa Trachoma Project, Kongwa, Tanzania.
Beatriz MuñozWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Kathryn J RayF.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Robin L BaileyFaculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical and Medicine, London, UK.
Thomas M LietmanF.I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Institute for Global Health, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Sheila K WestWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
University of California, San Francisco · USJohns Hopkins Hospital · USLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBSan Francisco Foundation · US

Funding

"Modeling contact investigation and rapid response"U01GM087728 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI PORCO, TRAVIS CHRISTIAN · 2011 to 2015
$2.2M
Primary and Secondary Effects of Mass Antibiotic Distributions for TrachomaK23EY019881 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GAYNOR, BRUCE D. · 2010 to 2014
$1.1M
NEI NIH HHS K23 EY019881NIGMS NIH HHS RFA-GM-11-002NIGMS NIH HHS U01 GM087728NIGMS NIH HHS U01-GM087728PHS HHS K23 EYO19881-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mass oral azithromycin distributions have dramatically reduced the prevalence of the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma. Assessing efficacy of the antibiotic in an individual is important in planning trachoma elimination. However, the efficacy is difficult to estimate, because post-treatment laboratory testing may be complicated by nonviable organisms or reinfection. Here, we monitored ocular chlamydial infection twice a year in pre-school children in 32 communities as part of a cluster-randomized clinical trial in Tanzania (prevalence in children was lowered from 22.0% to 4.7% after 3-year of annual treatment). We used a mathematical transmission model to estimate the prevalence of infection immediately after treatment, and found the effective field efficacy of antibiotic in an individual to be 67.6% (95% CI: 56.5-75.1%) in this setting. Sensitivity analyses suggested that these results were not dependent on specific assumptions about the duration of infection. We found no evidence of decreased efficacy during the course of the trial. We estimated an 89% chance of elimination after 10 years of annual treatment with 95% coverage.

Indexed as

Models, TheoreticalAdministration, OralAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinChild, PreschoolCluster AnalysisFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMathematical ComputingPrevalenceResearch DesignTanzaniaAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinAzithromycinEliminationMathematical modelSAFE strategyTrachoma

Identifiers

PMID24593917
PMCPMC4420489
OpenAlexW2007241173

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.