ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2014
In search of a new paradigm for protective immunity to TB.
Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 180 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
180 citing papers in PubMed.
- CD4+ T cell cytokine responses to the DAR-901 booster vaccine in BCG-primed adults: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Adjuvant-Associated Peripheral Blood mRNA Profiles and Kinetics Induced by the Adjuvanted Recombinant Protein Candidate Tuberculosis Vaccine M72/AS01 in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Vaccinated Adults.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Adenovirally-Induced Polyfunctional T Cells Do Not Necessarily Recognize the Infected Target: Lessons from a Phase I Trial of the AERAS-402 Vaccine.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- Harnessing conserved epitopes and multivalent antigen strategies for vaccine design: Lessons learned and opportunities.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Human CD1c-autoreactive T-cells recogniseeLife · 2026Article
- Human memory CD4bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Ubiquitylation by the GID/CTLH complex regulates the metabolic and innate immune response of macrophages to infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- CD8Nature communications · 2026Article
- Evolution of the tuberculin skin test reveals generalisable Mtb-reactive T cell metaclones.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Clinical Indicators Distinguishing Pulmonary Tuberculosis from Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Older Adults: A Prospective Multicenter Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Observational
- ESAT-6 and CFP-10 reactive IgG in patients with tuberculosis inhibits intracellular bacteria.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Finding and filling the knowledge gaps in mechanisms of T cell-mediated TB immunity to inform vaccine design.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Host-intrinsic and host-extrinsic factors modulate immunity to Mtb infection, reinfection, and noncanonical vaccination routes.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- A granulin-positive macrophage subtype in mycobacterial granulomas alleviates tissue damage by limiting excessive inflammation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- BCG induced innate immune response heterogeneity and susceptibility to pediatric tuberculosis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Intravenous BCG-mediated protection against tuberculosis requires CD4+ T cells and CD8α+ lymphocytes.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Alveolar macrophages from persons with HIV mount impaired TNF signaling networks to M. tuberculosis infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Immune responses of cattle vaccinated by various routes with Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG).BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- High-dose intravenous BCG vaccination induces enhanced immune signaling in the airways.Science advances · 2025Article
- The information overload, immunology and their relationship to world health.Open biology · 2025Review
120 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical trials of vaccines against Mycobacterium tuberculosis are well under way and results are starting to come in. Some of these results are not so encouraging, as exemplified by the latest Aeras-422 and MVA85A trials. Other than empirically determining whether a vaccine reduces the number of cases of active tuberculosis, which is a daunting prospect given the chronic nature of the disease, we have no way of assessing vaccine efficacy. Therefore, investigators seek to identify biomarkers that predict vaccine efficacy. Historically, focus has been on the production of interferon-γ by CD4(+) T cells, but this has not been a useful correlate of vaccine-induced protection. In this Opinion article, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the immune control of M. tuberculosis and how this knowledge could be used for vaccine design and evaluation.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.