ArticleParasites & vectors2014
Insecticide resistance of Anopheles sinensis and An. vagus in Hainan Island, a malaria-endemic area of China.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insecticide resistance and the role of target-site insensitivity mutations among malaria vectors in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review: is Anopheles vagus a species complex?Malaria journal · 2024Pooled it
- Current status of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in the Asian countries: a systematic review.F1000Research · 2021Pooled it
- Heterogeneous duplication and point mutation of ace-1 confer organophosphates and carbamates resistance to Anopheles sinensis field populations in Guizhou Province, China.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in Culicidae mosquitoes from Hainan Island, China.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Insecticide resistance mutations of Anopheles species in the Republic of Korea.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Insecticide resistance of Anopheles sinensis after elimination of malaria in Henan Province, China.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Surveillance and Control of Malaria Vectors in Hainan Province, China from 1950 to 2021: A Retrospective Review.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Malaria Elimination in China and Sustainability Concerns in the Post-elimination Stage.China CDC weekly · 2022Article
- Multidisciplinary Investigations of Sustained Malaria Transmission in the Greater Mekong Subregion.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
- Population genetic structure and evolutionary genetics of Anopheles sinensis based on knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations and mtDNA-COII gene in China-Laos, Thailand-Laos, and Cambodia-Laos borders.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Relationship between temperature and Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes' susceptibility to pyrethroids and expression of metabolic enzymes.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Community structure and insecticide resistance of malaria vectors in northern-central Myanmar.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Identification and phylogenetic analysis of voltage-gated sodium channel haplotypes in the malaria vector Anopheles sinensis using a high-throughput amplicon sequencing approach.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- A survey of insecticide resistance-conferring mutations in multiple targets in Anopheles sinensis populations across Sichuan, China.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Spatial heterogeneity and temporal dynamics of mosquito population density and community structure in Hainan Island, China.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Insecticide Resistance Status and Mechanisms of Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) in Wenzhou, an Important Coastal Port City in China.Journal of medical entomology · 2019Article
- Trends in insecticide resistance in Culex pipiens pallens over 20 years in Shandong, China.Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
- ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporter Genes Involved in Pyrethroid Resistance in the Malaria VectorInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Target-site mutations (AChE-G119S and kdr) in Guangxi Anopheles sinensis populations along the China-Vietnam border.Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMalaria is one of the most important public health problems in Southeast Asia, including Hainan Island, China. Vector control is the main malaria control measure, and insecticide resistance is a major concern for the effectiveness of chemical insecticide control programs. The objective of this study is to determine the resistance status of the main malaria vector species to pyrethroids and other insecticides recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for indoor residual sprays.
methodsThe larvae and pupae of Anopheles mosquitoes were sampled from multiple sites in Hainan Island, and five sites yielded sufficient mosquitoes for insecticide susceptibility bioassays. Bioassays of female adult mosquitoes three days after emergence were conducted in the two most abundant species, Anopheles sinensis and An. vagus, using three insecticides (0.05% deltamethrin, 4% DDT, and 5% malathion) and following the WHO standard tube assay procedure. P450 monooxygenase, glutathione S-transferase and carboxylesterase activities were measured. Mutations at the knockdown resistance (kdr) gene and the ace-1 gene were detected by DNA sequencing and PCR-RFLP analysis, respectively.
resultsAn. sinensis and An. vagus were the predominant Anopheles mosquito species. An. sinensis was found to be resistant to DDT and deltamethrin. An. vagus was susceptible to deltamethrin but resistant to DDT and malathion. Low kdr mutation (L1014F) frequency (<10%) was detected in An. sinensis, but no kdr mutation was detected in An. vagus populations. Modest to high (45%-75%) ace-1 mutation frequency was found in An. sinensis populations, but no ace-1 mutation was detected in An. vagus populations. Significantly higher P450 monooxygenase and carboxylesterase activities were detected in deltamethrin-resistant An. sinensis, and significantly higher P450 monooxygenase, glutathione S-transferase and carboxylesterase activities were found in malathion-resistant An. vagus mosquitoes.
conclusionsMultiple insecticide resistance was found in An. sinensis and An. vagus in Hainan Island, a malaria-endemic area of China. Cost-effective integrated vector control programs that go beyond synthetic insecticides are urgently needed.
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