ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2014
Role of prophylactic antibiotics in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of prophylactic antibacterial drugs for patients with liver cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Retrospective Cohort of 98 Cases, Historical Comparison, and Updated Management Algorithm.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Endoscopic Variceal Therapy With Multisystemic Glue Embolism: A Case Report and Narrative Review of a Rare but Severe Complication.Case reports in critical care · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis for acute esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with band ligation: A large observational study.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Observational
- Predictors of Long-Term Rebleeding Risk in Cirrhotic Patients Undergoing Esophagogastric Devascularization and Splenectomy: Impact of Portal Vein Thrombosis and Hemoglobin Levels.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Article
- A Validated Composite Score Demonstrates Potential Superiority to MELD-Based Systems in Predicting Short-Term Survival in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis-A Preliminary Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Impact of a Multifaceted Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Antibiotic Use: Evidence From a Quasi-Experimental Study in the Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology in a Chinese Tertiary Hospital.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Endotoxin Translocation and Gut Barrier Dysfunction Are Related to Variceal Bleeding in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Decompensation of Cirrhosis.Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021Article
- [Advances in diagnosis and treatment of liver cirrhosis with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2018Article
- [Current status and prospects of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for treatment of portal hypertension].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2018Review
- Prognostic factors associated with mortality in patients with gastric fundal variceal bleeding.World journal of gastroenterology · 2017Article
- Intestinal barrier dysfunction in cirrhosis: Current concepts in pathophysiology and clinical implications.World journal of hepatology · 2015Article
- Contemporary concepts of the medical therapy of portal hypertension under liver cirrhosis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2015Review
- Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: The clinical challenge of a leaky gut and a cirrhotic liver.World journal of hepatology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacterial infections are common in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding, occurring in 20% within 48 h. Outcomes including early rebleeding and failure to control bleeding are strongly associated with bacterial infection. However, mortality from variceal bleeding is largely determined by the severity of liver disease. Besides a higher Child-Pugh score, patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are particularly susceptible to infections. Despite several hypotheses that include increased use of instruments, greater risk of aspiration pneumonia and higher bacterial translocation, it remains debatable whether variceal bleeding results in infection or vice versa but studies suggest that antibiotic prophylaxis prior to endoscopy and up to 8 h is useful in reducing bacteremia and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Aerobic gram negative bacilli of enteric origin are most commonly isolated from cultures, but more recently, gram positives and quinolone-resistant organisms are increasingly seen, even though their clinical significance is unclear. Fluoroquinolones (including ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin) used for short term (7 d) have the most robust evidence and are recommended in most expert guidelines. Short term intravenous cephalosporin (especially ceftriaxone), given in a hospital setting with prevalent quinolone-resistant organisms, has been shown in studies to be beneficial, particularly in high risk patients with advanced cirrhosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.