ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2014
Mapping the geographical distribution of lymphatic filariasis in Zambia.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Modelling the distribution and transmission intensity of lymphatic filariasis in sub-Saharan Africa prior to scaling up interventions: integrated use of geostatistical and mathematical modelling.Parasites & vectors · 2015Pooled it
- Potential of machine learning for prevention and control of neglected tropical diseases: a scoping review.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Integrating geospatial tools is crucial for enhancing control strategies against human lymphatic filarial infections in Ghana: A comprehensive review.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2025Review
- Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years and prevalence of lymphatic filariasis from 1990 to 2021: A trend and health inequality analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Alternative approaches for monitoring and evaluation of lymphatic filariasis following mass drug treatment with ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine and albendazole in East New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Observational
- Spatial distribution and environmental correlations of Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae) in Haidian district, Beijing.Journal of medical entomology · 2024Article
- Zambia: A Narrative Review of Success and Challenges in Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Review
- Prevalence of elephantiasis, an overlooked disease in Southern Africa: a comprehensive review.The journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2024Review
- Spatial predictive risk mapping of lymphatic filariasis residual hotspots in American Samoa using demographic and environmental factors.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination Status:Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Applying community health systems lenses to identify determinants of access to surgery among mobile & migrant populations with hydrocele in Zambia: A mixed methods assessment.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Lymphatic filariasis in Zambia: A scoping review protocol.PloS one · 2023Article
- Longitudinal study of cross-reactive antigenemia in individuals with highFrontiers in parasitology · 2023Article
- Spatially Explicit Environmental Factors Associated with Lymphatic Filariasis Infection in American Samoa.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Unlocking Trust in Community Health Systems: Lessons From the Lymphatic Filariasis Morbidity Management and Disability Prevention Pilot Project in Luangwa District, Zambia.International journal of health policy and management · 2022Article
- How community engagement strategies shape participation in mass drug administration programmes for lymphatic filariasis: The case of Luangwa District, Zambia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Mapping and monitoring for a lymphatic filariasis elimination program: a systematic review.Research and reports in tropical medicine · 2019Review
- The prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection and disease following six rounds of mass drug administration in Mandalay Region, Myanmar.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Significant decline in lymphatic filariasis associated with nationwide scale-up of insecticide-treated nets in Zambia.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2017Article
- Niche shifts and the potential distribution of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) under climate change.PloS one · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPast case reports have indicated that lymphatic filariasis (LF) occurs in Zambia, but knowledge about its geographical distribution and prevalence pattern, and the underlying potential environmental drivers, has been limited. As a background for planning and implementation of control, a country-wide mapping survey was undertaken between 2003 and 2011. Here the mapping activities are outlined, the findings across the numerous survey sites are presented, and the ecological requirements of the LF distribution are explored. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsApproximately 10,000 adult volunteers from 108 geo-referenced survey sites across Zambia were examined for circulating filarial antigens (CFA) with rapid format ICT cards, and a map indicating the distribution of CFA prevalences in Zambia was prepared. 78% of survey sites had CFA positive cases, with prevalences ranging between 1% and 54%. Most positive survey sites had low prevalence, but six foci with more than 15% prevalence were identified. The observed geographical variation in prevalence pattern was examined in more detail using a species distribution modeling approach to explore environmental requirements for parasite presence, and to predict potential suitable habitats over unsurveyed areas. Of note, areas associated with human modification of the landscape appeared to play an important role for the general presence of LF, whereas temperature (measured as averaged seasonal land surface temperature) seemed to be an important determinant of medium-high prevalence levels. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: LF was found to be surprisingly widespread in Zambia, although in most places with low prevalence. The produced maps and the identified environmental correlates of LF infection will provide useful guidance for planning and start-up of geographically targeted and cost-effective LF control in Zambia.
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Registered trials
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