ArticlePloS one2014
Silencing alpha-fetoprotein inhibits VEGF and MMP-2/9 production in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Alpha-fetoprotein Levels and Clinical Outcomes in the Phase III CELESTIAL Study of Cabozantinib versus Placebo in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2020Trial
- Ramucirumab after prior sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and elevated alpha-fetoprotein: Japanese subgroup analysis of the REACH-2 trial.Journal of gastroenterology · 2020Trial
- A Clinical Guidance for the Management of Patients With Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma and A Case Series.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Targeted therapy for liver cancer: Current status and future directions.BioImpacts : BI · 2025Review
- Current Perspectives of Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Review
- Use of ramucirumab for various treatment lines in real-world practice of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.BMC gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Article
- Study of siRNA Delivery via Polymeric Nanoparticles in Combination with Angiogenesis Inhibitor for The Treatment ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Combination of CRAFITY score with Alpha-fetoprotein response predicts a favorable outcome of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.American journal of cancer research · 2022Article
- How May Ramucirumab Help Improve Treatment Outcome for Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers?Cancers · 2021Review
- Alpha-Fetoprotein Binding Mucin and Scavenger Receptors: An Available Bio-Target for Treating Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- The Importance of AFP in Liver Transplantation for HCC.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2020Review
- Article
- Retraction: Silencing Alpha-Fetoprotein Inhibits VEGF and MMP-2/9 Production in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell.PloS one · 2020Article
- Enhanced CT Textures Derived From Computer Mathematic Distribution Analysis Enables Arterial Enhancement Fraction Being an Imaging Biomarker Option of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Oxidative Stress Alters Angiogenic and Antimicrobial Content of Extracellular Vesicles and Improves Flap Survival.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2019Article
- Autocrine VEGF signalling on M2 macrophages regulates PD-L1 expression for immunomodulation of T cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2019Article
- Activated Wnt signaling promotes growth and progression of AFP-producing gastric cancer in preclinical models.Cancer management and research · 2019Article
- Alpha-Fetoprotein and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immunity.Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2018Review
- The mitochondrial hinge protein, UQCRH, is a novel prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2020-12-31Concerns/Issues about Data · Duplication of/in Image · Manipulation of Images ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein not only serves as a diagnostic marker for liver cancer, but also posses a variety of biological functions. However, the role of Alpha-fetoprotein on tumor angiogenesis and cell invasion remains incompletely understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate if Alpha-fetoprotein can regulate the major angiogenic factors and matrix metalloproteinases in human liver cancer cells. Alpha-fetoprotein silencing was achieved by Stealth RNAi. Expression of Alpha-fetoprotein was examined by a full-automatic electrochemistry luminescence immunity analyzer. Expression of VEGF, VEGFR-2, MMP-9, and MMP-2 was examined by Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. Angiogenesis was detected by in vitro angiogenesis assay kit. Silencing of Alpha-fetoprotein led to an increased apoptosis, which was associated with a decreased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, matrix metalloproteinases-2/9. These results suggest that Alpha-fetoprotein may play a regulatory role on angiogenesis and cell invasion during liver cancer development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.