Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24586956›Full record

ArticlePloS one2014

Culture of primary ciliary dyskinesia epithelial cells at air-liquid interface can alter ciliary phenotype but remains a robust and informative diagnostic aid.

Robert A Hirst, Claire L Jackson, Janice L Coles, Gwyneth Williams, Andrew Rutman, Patricia M Goggin, Elizabeth C Adam, Anthony Page, Hazel J Evans, Peter M Lackie and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Guideline
  3. Utilising human cellular models of primary ciliary dyskinesia: a scoping review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Article
  4. Preclinical human models of primary ciliary dyskinesia.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. A novelThe European respiratory journal · 2024
    Article
  8. Pathogenic variants inThe European respiratory journal · 2024
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. TheInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. NovelJournal of clinical medicine · 2022
    Article
  18. PCD Genes-From Patients to Model Organisms and Back to Humans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  19. Temporal Whole-Transcriptomic Analysis of CharacterizedFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Robert A HirstPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Claire L JacksonPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom ; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Janice L ColesPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom ; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Gwyneth WilliamsPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Andrew RutmanPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Patricia M GogginPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom ; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Elizabeth C AdamPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom ; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Anthony PagePrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom ; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Hazel J EvansPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Peter M LackieClinical and Experimental Sciences, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Christopher O'CallaghanPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom ; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Child Health, University College London & Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Jane S LucasPrimary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom ; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Southampton National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
University of Leicester · GBUniversity of Southampton · GBUniversity Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust · GBNational Institute for Health Research · GBNIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre · GBNIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit · GB

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) requires the analysis of ciliary function and ultrastructure. Diagnosis can be complicated by secondary effects on cilia such as damage during sampling, local inflammation or recent infection. To differentiate primary from secondary abnormalities, re-analysis of cilia following culture and re-differentiation of epithelial cells at an air-liquid interface (ALI) aids the diagnosis of PCD. However changes in ciliary beat pattern of cilia following epithelial cell culture has previously been described, which has brought the robustness of this method into question. This is the first systematic study to evaluate ALI culture as an aid to diagnosis of PCD in the light of these concerns.

methodsWe retrospectively studied changes associated with ALI-culture in 158 subjects referred for diagnostic testing at two PCD centres. Ciliated nasal epithelium (PCD n = 54; non-PCD n  111) was analysed by high-speed digital video microscopy and transmission electron microscopy before and after culture.

resultsCiliary function was abnormal before and after culture in all subjects with PCD; 21 PCD subjects had a combination of static and uncoordinated twitching cilia, which became completely static following culture, a further 9 demonstrated a decreased ciliary beat frequency after culture. In subjects without PCD, secondary ciliary dyskinesia was reduced.

conclusionsThe change to ciliary phenotype in PCD samples following cell culture does not affect the diagnosis, and in certain cases can assist the ability to identify PCD cilia.

Indexed as

AirCell Culture TechniquesCells, CulturedCiliaCiliary Motility DisordersEpithelial CellsHumansKartagener SyndromeMicroscopy, Electron, TransmissionMicroscopy, VideoNasal MucosaPhenotypeRetrospective Studies

Identifiers

PMID24586956
PMCPMC3934921
OpenAlexW2070068902

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.