ArticlePLoS pathogens2014
Highly active antiretroviral therapies are effective against HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cryoelectron tomography of HIV-1 cell-cell transmission conjugates reveals a secluded environment for viral assembly and transfer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Non-integrase mechanisms for dolutegravir resistance.Retrovirology · 2026Review
- A Darwinian model for the evolution of drug resistance to long-acting PrEP during an early HIV infection.PloS one · 2026Article
- Modeling the Interplay Between Viral and Immune Dynamics in HIV: A Review and Mrgsolve Implementation and Exploration.Clinical and translational science · 2025Review
- The KT Jeang retrovirology prize 2024: Walther Mothes.Retrovirology · 2024Article
- Optimal therapy for HIV infection containment and virions inhibition.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2024Article
- Epistatic pathways can drive HIV-1 escape from integrase strand transfer inhibitors.Science advances · 2024Article
- Review
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Iranian Treatment-experienced Individuals.Current HIV research · 2024Article
- Targeting the Structural Maturation Pathway of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Review
- Heparan Sulfate and Enoxaparin Interact at the Interface of the Spike Protein of HCoV-229E but Not with HCoV-OC43.Viruses · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2: A Master of Immune Evasion.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Inflammatory Markers after Switching to a Dual Drug Regimen in HIV-Infected Subjects: A Two-Year Follow-Up.Viruses · 2022Article
- Antithetic effect of interferon-α on cell-free and cell-to-cell HIV-1 infection.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 spreads through cell-to-cell transmission.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spreads through Cell-to-Cell Transmission.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2021Article
- Design, synthesis, and antiviral activity of a series of CD4-mimetic small-molecule HIV-1 entry inhibitors.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry · 2021Article
- Article
- Review
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission allows for 2-3 orders of magnitude more efficient viral spread than cell-free dissemination. The high local multiplicity of infection (MOI) observed at cell-cell contact sites may lower the efficacy of antiretroviral therapies (ART). Here we test the efficacy of commonly used antiretroviral inhibitors against cell-to-cell and cell-free HIV-1 transmission. We demonstrate that, while some nucleoside-analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) are less effective against HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission, most non-nucleoside-analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), entry inhibitors and protease inhibitors remain highly effective. Moreover, poor NRTIs become highly effective when applied in combinations explaining the effectiveness of ART in clinical settings. Investigating the underlying mechanism, we observe a strict correlation between the ability of individual drugs and combinations of drugs to interfere with HIV-1 cell-to-cell transmission, and their effectiveness against high viral MOIs. Our results suggest that the ability to suppress high viral MOI is a feature of effective ART regimens and this parameter should be considered when designing novel antiviral therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.