ArticlePLoS pathogens2014
The post-transcriptional regulator rsmA/csrA activates T3SS by stabilizing the 5' UTR of hrpG, the master regulator of hrp/hrc genes, in Xanthomonas.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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39 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Loss of CsrA inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- GpaR Drives Type III Secretion and Virulence Through Direct Activation of the HrpG-HrpX Cascade in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola.Molecular plant pathology · 2026Article
- Novel insights into the genetic basis and transcriptomic elucidation of virulence attenuation inVirulence · 2025Article
- Integrated Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses Reveal CsrA-Mediated Regulation of Virulence and Metabolism inMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Article
- A cyclic di-GMP-binding adaptor protein interacts with a N5-glutamine methyltransferase to regulate the pathogenesis in Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri.Molecular plant pathology · 2024Article
- Suppression of citrus canker disease mediated by flagellin perception.Molecular plant pathology · 2023Article
- HpaP divergently regulates the expression of hrp genes in Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars oryzae and oryzicola.Molecular plant pathology · 2023Article
- Dual role of CsrA in regulating the hemolytic activity ofVirulence · 2022Article
- TheFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- A putative multi-sensor hybrid histidine kinase, BarAFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Provide Novel Insights into the Crucial Roles of Host-Induced Carbohydrate Metabolism Enzymes in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Virulence and Rice-Xoo Interaction.Rice (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Regulation of theMicroorganisms · 2021Review
- Modified Monosaccharides Content of Xanthan Gum Impairs Citrus Canker Disease by Affecting the Epiphytic Lifestyle ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- An improved, versatile and efficient modular plasmid assembly system for expression analyses of genes in Xanthomonas oryzae.Molecular plant pathology · 2021Article
- The HrpG/HrpX Regulon of Xanthomonads-An Insight to the Complexity of Regulation of Virulence Traits in Phytopathogenic Bacteria.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Secrete or perish: The role of secretion systems inComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2021Review
- The RsmA RNA-Binding Proteins inFrontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Genome-wide screen and functional analysis in Xanthomonas reveal a large number of mRNA-derived sRNAs, including the novel RsmA-sequester RsmU.Molecular plant pathology · 2020Article
- Bactericidal type IV secretion system homeostasis in Xanthomonas citri.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The RsmA/CsrA family of the post-transcriptional regulators of bacteria is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes, including pathogenesis. In this study, we demonstrated that rsmA not only is required for the full virulence of the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (XCC) but also contributes to triggering the hypersensitive response (HR) in non-host plants. Deletion of rsmA resulted in significantly reduced virulence in the host plant sweet orange and a delayed and weakened HR in the non-host plant Nicotiana benthamiana. Microarray, quantitative reverse-transcription PCR, western-blotting, and GUS assays indicated that RsmA regulates the expression of the type 3 secretion system (T3SS) at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The regulation of T3SS by RsmA is a universal phenomenon in T3SS-containing bacteria, but the specific mechanism seems to depend on the interaction between a particular bacterium and its hosts. For Xanthomonads, the mechanism by which RsmA activates T3SS remains unknown. Here, we show that RsmA activates the expression of T3SS-encoding hrp/hrc genes by directly binding to the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of hrpG, the master regulator of the hrp/hrc genes in XCC. RsmA stabilizes hrpG mRNA, leading to increased accumulation of HrpG proteins and subsequently, the activation of hrp/hrc genes. The activation of the hrp/hrc genes by RsmA via HrpG was further supported by the observation that ectopic overexpression of hrpG in an rsmA mutant restored its ability to cause disease in host plants and trigger HR in non-host plants. RsmA also stabilizes the transcripts of another T3SS-associated hrpD operon by directly binding to the 5' UTR region. Taken together, these data revealed that RsmA primarily activates T3SS by acting as a positive regulator of hrpG and that this regulation is critical to the pathogenicity of XCC.
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