Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24586124›Full record

ReviewPLoS computational biology2014

Combining experiments and simulations using the maximum entropy principle.

Wouter Boomsma, Jesper Ferkinghoff-Borg, Kresten Lindorff-Larsen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in PLoS computational biology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. AI-Physics-Experiment Trinity for Integrated Protein Dynamics Modeling.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
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  12. Integrative spatiotemporal modeling of biomolecular processes: Application to the assembly of the nuclear pore complex.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
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  16. Review
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  20. Modeling biomolecular kinetics with large-scale simulation.Current opinion in structural biology · 2022
    Review

17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Wouter BoomsmaStructural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jesper Ferkinghoff-BorgCellular Signal Integration Group, Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Kresten Lindorff-LarsenStructural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A key component of computational biology is to compare the results of computer modelling with experimental measurements. Despite substantial progress in the models and algorithms used in many areas of computational biology, such comparisons sometimes reveal that the computations are not in quantitative agreement with experimental data. The principle of maximum entropy is a general procedure for constructing probability distributions in the light of new data, making it a natural tool in cases when an initial model provides results that are at odds with experiments. The number of maximum entropy applications in our field has grown steadily in recent years, in areas as diverse as sequence analysis, structural modelling, and neurobiology. In this Perspectives article, we give a broad introduction to the method, in an attempt to encourage its further adoption. The general procedure is explained in the context of a simple example, after which we proceed with a real-world application in the field of molecular simulations, where the maximum entropy procedure has recently provided new insight. Given the limited accuracy of force fields, macromolecular simulations sometimes produce results that are at not in complete and quantitative accordance with experiments. A common solution to this problem is to explicitly ensure agreement between the two by perturbing the potential energy function towards the experimental data. So far, a general consensus for how such perturbations should be implemented has been lacking. Three very recent papers have explored this problem using the maximum entropy approach, providing both new theoretical and practical insights to the problem. We highlight each of these contributions in turn and conclude with a discussion on remaining challenges.

Indexed as

EntropyModels, BiologicalComputational BiologyComputer SimulationMacromolecular SubstancesModels, MolecularMolecular Dynamics SimulationUncertaintyMacromolecular Substances

Identifiers

PMID24586124
PMCPMC3930489

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.