Trial reportPeritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis
Removal of Different Classes of Uremic Toxins in APD vs CAPD: A Randomized Cross-Over Study.
Trial report in Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Automated peritoneal dialysis versus continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for people with kidney failure.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Microbiota-derived metabolites and cognitive dysfunction in dialysis patients: mechanisms and targeted therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Benefits and Pitfalls of Uraemic Toxin Measurement in Peritoneal Dialysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Optimizing CAPD Patient Monitoring Through Automated Vs Rule-Based Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Comparative Review.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2025Review
- Derivation and elimination of uremic toxins from kidney-gut axis.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Evidence on continuous flow peritoneal dialysis: A review.Seminars in dialysis · 2022Review
- Design and Development of a Computational Tool for a Dialyzer by Using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Model.Membranes · 2021Article
- APD or CAPD: one glove does not fit all.International urology and nephrology · 2021Review
- Serum β2-microglobulin as a predictor of residual kidney function in peritoneal dialysis patients.Journal of nephrology · 2021Article
- Peritoneal dialysis modality transition and impact on phosphate and potassium serum levels.PloS one · 2021Article
- Efficacy of APD in perioperative period of non-abdominal operation for peritoneal dialysis patients.International journal of general medicine · 2019Article
- Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Uremic Toxicities.Toxins · 2018Review
- Application of automated peritoneal dialysis in urgent-start peritoneal dialysis patients during the break-in period.International urology and nephrology · 2018Article
- Development and Validation of Residual Kidney Function Estimating Equations in Dialysis Patients.Kidney medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelled♦
aimIn this study, we investigated, and this for the different classes of uremic toxins, whether increasing dialysate volume by shifting from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) to higher volume automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) increases total solute clearance. ♦
methodsPatients on peritoneal dialysis were randomized in a cross-over design to one 24-hour session of first a CAPD regimen (3*2 L of Physioneal 1.36% and 1*2 L of icodextrin) or APD (consisting of 5 cycles of 2 L Physioneal 1.36 and 1 cycle of 2 L Extraneal), and the other week the alternate regime, each patient serving as his/her own control. Dialysate, blood and urine samples were collected and frozen for later batch analysis of concentrations of urea, creatinine, phosphorus, uric acid, hippuric acid, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid, indoxyl sulfate, indole acetic acid, and p-cresyl sulfate. For the protein-bound solutes, total and free fractions were determined. Total, peritoneal and renal clearance (K) and mass removal (MR) of each solute were calculated, using validated models. ♦
resultsIn 15 patients (11 male, 3 diabetics, 56 ± 16 years, 8 on CAPD, time on peritoneal dialysis 12 ± 14 months, and residual renal function of 9.9 ± 5.4 mL/min) dialysate over plasma ratio for creatinine (D/Pcrea) was 0.62 ± 0.10. Drained volume and obtained ultrafiltration were higher with APD vs CAPD (13.3 ± 0.5 L vs 8.5 ± 0.7 L and 1.3 ± 0.5 L vs 0.5 ± 0.7 L), whereas urine output was lower (1.0 ± 0.5 L vs 1.4 ± 0.6 L). Total clearance and MR tended to be higher for CAPD vs APD for all small and water soluble solutes, but mainly because of higher renal contribution, with no difference in the peritoneal contribution. For the protein-bound solutes, no differences in clearance or mass removal were observed. ♦
conclusionAlthough the drained dialysate volume nearly doubled, APD did not result in better peritoneal clearance or solute removal vs classic CAPD. APD resulted in better ultrafiltration, but at the expense of residual urinary output and clearance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.