Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24584328›Full record

ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2014

Cigarette exposure, dependence, and craving are related to insula thickness in young adult smokers.

Angelica M Morales, Dara Ghahremani, Milky Kohno, Gerhard S Hellemann, Edythe D London

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Nicotine dependence and insula subregions: functional connectivity and cue-induced activation.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Angelica M Morales1] Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA [2] Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA [3] Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Dara GhahremaniDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Milky Kohno1] Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA [2] Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA [3] Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Gerhard S HellemannDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Edythe D London1] Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA [2] Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA [3] Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
University of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

UCLA Training Program in Translational Neuroscience of Drug Abuse (TNDA)T32DA024635 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LARA A. RAY, Kate M Wassum · 2008 to 2026
$6.2M
Modulators of maladaptive decision-making in methamphetamine dependenceF31DA033120 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI KOHNO, MILKY · 2012 to 2013
$50k
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ILLICIT DRUG USE AND BEHAVIORAL REPERTOIRE IN ADOLESCENTSZ01DA000331 · NIDA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · PI ANTHONY, J · 1994 to 1995
–
NIDA NIH HHS F31DA0331-17NIDA NIH HHS F31 DA033120-02NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA 024635
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The age period spanning late adolescence to emergent adulthood is associated with the highest prevalence of cigarette smoking in the United States, and is also a time of continued brain development. Nonetheless, although prior research has shown group differences in brain structure associated with smoking status in adults, few studies have examined how smoking and associated behavioral states relate to brain structure in this age group. Neuroimaging and lesion studies have suggested that the insula, a cortical region that integrates heterogeneous signals about internal states and contributes to executive functions, plays an important role in cigarette smoking behavior. Using high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging, we therefore measured cortical thickness of the insula in 18 smokers and 24 nonsmokers between the ages of 16 and 21 years. There were no group differences in insula thickness, but cigarette exposure (pack-years) was negatively associated with thickness in right insula. Cigarette dependence and the urge to smoke were negatively related to cortical thickness in the right ventral anterior insula. Although the results do not demonstrate causation, they do suggest that there are effects of cigarette exposure on brain structure in young smokers, with a relatively short smoking history. It is possible that changes in the brain due to prolonged exposure or to the progression of dependence lead to more extensive structural changes, manifested in the reported group differences between adult smokers and nonsmokers. Structural integrity of the insula may have implications for predicting long-term cigarette smoking and problems with other substance abuse in this population.

Indexed as

AdultCerebral CortexCravingFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleSmokingTobacco Use DisorderYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID24584328
PMCPMC4059909
OpenAlexW2042829145

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.