Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24581979›Full record

ArticleVaccine2014

Toward global prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs): the need for STI vaccines.

Sami L Gottlieb, Nicola Low, Lori M Newman, Gail Bolan, Mary Kamb, Nathalie Broutet

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Vaccine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Epidemiology ofJournal of global health · 2019
    Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Trial
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Prevalence ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sami L GottliebDepartment of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: gottliebs@who.int.
Nicola LowDepartment of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Lori M NewmanDepartment of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Gail BolanDivision of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Mary KambDivision of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Nathalie BroutetDepartment of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An estimated 499 million curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs; gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and trichomoniasis) occurred globally in 2008. In addition, well over 500 million people are estimated to have a viral STI such as herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) or human papillomavirus (HPV) at any point in time. STIs result in a large global burden of sexual, reproductive, and maternal-child health consequences, including genital symptoms, pregnancy complications, cancer, infertility, and enhanced HIV transmission, as well as important psychosocial consequences and financial costs. STI control strategies based primarily on behavioral primary prevention and STI case management have had clear successes, but gains have not been universal. Current STI control is hampered or threatened by several behavioral, biological, and implementation challenges, including a large proportion of asymptomatic infections, lack of feasible diagnostic tests globally, antimicrobial resistance, repeat infections, and barriers to intervention access, availability, and scale-up. Vaccines against HPV and hepatitis B virus offer a new paradigm for STI control. Challenges to existing STI prevention efforts provide important reasons for working toward additional STI vaccines. We summarize the global epidemiology of STIs and STI-associated complications, examine challenges to existing STI prevention efforts, and discuss the need for new STI vaccines for future prevention efforts.

Indexed as

VaccinesCost of IllnessGlobal HealthHumansPublic HealthSexually Transmitted DiseasesVaccinationVaccinesPrevention and controlSexually transmitted diseasesVaccines

Identifiers

PMID24581979
PMCPMC6794147

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.