ArticleACS nano2014
Nanoparticle-delivered transforming growth factor-β siRNA enhances vaccination against advanced melanoma by modifying tumor microenvironment.
Article in ACS nano, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
114 citing papers in PubMed, 278 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multifunctional nanotherapeutics for tumor microenvironment modulation in solid tumor therapy.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Review
- Spatiotemporally controlled delivery of biomacromolecules via injectable hydrogels for precision modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Multidimensional plasticity of natural killer cells in tumours.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- Nucleic acid-based delivery system delivering platinum drugs cooperates with siRNA for potentiated chemo-immunotherapy by reducing phosphatidylserine exposure and activating the cGAS-STING pathway.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Article
- Article
- Complexed hyaluronic acid-based nanoparticles in cancer therapy and diagnosis: Research trends by natural language processing.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Shifting cold to hot tumors by nanoparticle-loaded drugs and products.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Opportunities, obstacles and challenges of nano-immunotherapy in melanoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Advances and prospects of RNA delivery nanoplatforms for cancer therapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Unraveling the Role of the Tumor Extracellular Matrix to Inform Nanoparticle Design for Nanomedicine.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Blood Cell Membrane-Coated Nanomaterials as a Versatile Biomimetic Nanoplatform for Antitumor Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Lipid-based nanosystems: the next generation of cancer immune therapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Regulation of CTLs/Tregs via Highly Stable and Ultrasound-Responsive Cerasomal Nano-Modulators for Enhanced Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Anti-CTLA-4 nanobody as a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- A bibliometric insight into nanomaterials in vaccine: trends, collaborations, and future avenues.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Multifunctional nanocomposites modulating the tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer immunotherapy.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- The basic biology of NK cells and its application in tumor immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Oncolytic viruses improve cancer immunotherapy by reprogramming solid tumor microenvironment.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Achievement of potent immunoresponses against self/tumor antigens and effective therapeutic outcome against advanced tumors remain major challenges in cancer immunotherapy. The specificity and efficiency of two nanoparticle-based delivery systems, lipid-calcium-phosphate (LCP) nanoparticle (NP) and liposome-protamine-hyaluronic acid (LPH) NP, provide us an opportunity to address both challenges. A mannose-modified LCP NP delivered both tumor antigen (Trp 2 peptide) and adjuvant (CpG oligonucleotide) to the dendritic cells and elicited a potent, systemic immune response regardless of the existence or the stage of tumors in the host. This vaccine was less effective, however, against later stage B16F10 melanoma in a subcutaneous syngeneic model. Mechanistic follow-up studies suggest that elevated levels of immune-suppressive cytokines within the tumor microenvironment, such as TGF-β, might be responsible. We strategically augment the efficacy of LCP vaccine on an advanced tumor by silencing TGF-β in tumor cells. The delivery of siRNA using LPH NP resulted in about 50% knockdown of TGF-β in the late stage tumor microenvironment. TGF-β down-regulation boosted the vaccine efficacy and inhibited tumor growth by 52% compared with vaccine treatment alone, as a result of increased levels of tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells and decreased level of regulatory T cells. Combination of systemic induction of antigen-specific immune response with LCP vaccine and targeted modification of tumor microenvironment with LPH NP offers a flexible and powerful platform for both mechanism study and immunotherapeutic strategy development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.