SynthesisActa psychiatrica Scandinavica2014
A meta-analysis of ethnic differences in pathways to care at the first episode of psychosis.
Synthesis in Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of longitudinal studies of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in first-episode psychosis: course and associated factors.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2021Pooled it
- Differences in duration of untreated psychosis for racial and ethnic minority groups with first-episode psychosis: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2019Pooled it
- Ethnic inequalities and pathways to care in psychosis in England: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Pathways to mental health services for young people: a systematic review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2018Pooled it
- Race, ethnicity, and the duration of untreated psychosis: a systematic review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2014Pooled it
- Comparison of Black and White participants with severe mental illness in response to cognitive remediation as an augmentation of vocational rehabilitation.Schizophrenia research · 2023Trial
- Ethnic Disparities in Clinical Decision-Making for Rapid Tranquillisation in Adult Forensic Mental Health Inpatient Settings: A Qualitative Study.International journal of mental health nursing · 2026Article
- Article
- A comparison of pathways to care in at-risk mental states and first episode psychosis: a mental health electronic clinical records analysis in the East of England, UK.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Refugee Migration Background and Healthcare Contacts Prior to First-Episode Psychosis in Young Adults in Denmark and Sweden: Are Patterns Consistent Across Countries?Early intervention in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Intervention Programmes for First-Episode Psychosis: A Scoping Review.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025Review
- The First Episode Psychosis Services Fidelity Scale as a Measure of Quality of Care.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2025Article
- Indigenous-non-Indigenous disparities in health and social outcomes 5 years after first episode psychosis: national cohort study.BJPsych open · 2024Article
- Disparities in Access to a Regular Primary Care Physician Among First-Generation Migrants with Early Psychosis in Ontario, Canada.Community mental health journal · 2024Article
- Incidence of non-affective psychotic disorders in refugees and peers growing up in Denmark and Sweden: a registry linkage study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Article
- Prevalence and predictors of admission at the time of presentation in first episode psychosis.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2024Article
- The diagnostic accuracy of screening for psychosis spectrum disorders in behavioral health clinics integrated into primary care.Schizophrenia research · 2024Article
- Ethnoracial Differences in Family Members' Early Contact with Formal and Informal Resources on the Pathway to Care during the Early Stages of Psychosis.Community mental health journal · 2024Article
- Mental health among people with a migration background in Belgium over the past 20 years: how has the situation evolved?Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2023Article
- Psychiatric Admission Among Migrants Before and During Pandemic: a Retrospective Study in Acute Psychiatric Ward in Bologna, Italy.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe sought to systematically review the literature on ethnic differences in the likelihood of general practitioner (GP) involvement, police involvement, and involuntary admission on the pathway to care of patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP).
methodWe searched electronic databases and conducted forward and backward tracking to identify relevant studies. We calculated pooled odds ratios (OR) to examine the variation between aggregated ethnic groups in the indicators of the pathway to care.
resultsWe identified seven studies from Canada and England that looked at ethnic differences in GP involvement (n=7), police involvement (n=7), or involuntary admission (n=5). Aggregated ethnic groups were most often compared. The pooled ORs suggest that Black patients have a decreased likelihood of GP involvement (OR=0.70, 0.57-0.86) and an increased likelihood of police involvement (OR=2.11, 1.67-2.66), relative to White patients. The pooled ORs were not statistically significant for patients with Asian backgrounds (GP involvement OR=1.23, 0.87-1.75; police involvement OR=0.86, 0.57-1.30). There is also evidence to suggest that there may be ethnic differences in the likelihood of involuntary admission; however, effect modification by several sociodemographic factors precluded a pooling of these data.
conclusionEthnic differences in pathways to care are present at the first episode of psychosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.