Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24578707›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of biomaterials2014

IVIVC from Long Acting Olanzapine Microspheres.

Susan D'Souza, Jabar A Faraj, Stefano Giovagnoli, Patrick P Deluca

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of biomaterials, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Development,Drug delivery · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. In vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) development for long-acting injectable drug products based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide).Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
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  15. Article
  16. Brain targeting stealth lipomers of combined antiepileptic-anti-inflammatory drugs as alternative therapy for conventional anti-Parkinson's.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2020
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. In vitro-in vivo correlation for complex non-oral drug products: Where do we stand?Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2015
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Susan D'SouzaSunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Marlborough, MA 01752, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5389-5050
Jabar A FarajFresenius Kabi USA, Skokie, IL 60077, USA.
Stefano GiovagnoliDepartment of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5043-7233
Patrick P DelucaUniversity of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
Fresenius Kabi (United States) · USSunovion (United Kingdom) · GBUniversity of Kentucky · USUniversity of Perugia · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, four PLGA microsphere formulations of Olanzapine were characterized on the basis of their in vitro behavior at 37°C, using a dialysis based method, with the goal of obtaining an IVIVC. In vivo profiles were determined by deconvolution (Nelson-Wagner method) and using fractional AUC. The in vitro and in vivo release profiles exhibited the same rank order of drug release. Further, in vivo profiles obtained with both approaches were nearly superimposable, suggesting that fractional AUC could be used as an alternative to the Nelson-Wagner method. A comparison of drug release profiles for the four formulations revealed that the in vitro profile lagged slightly behind in vivo release, but the results were not statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Using the four formulations that exhibited different release rates, a Level A IVIVC was established using the deconvolution and fractional AUC approaches. A nearly 1 : 1 correlation (R (2) > 0.96) between in vitro release and in vivo measurements confirmed the excellent relationship between in vitro drug release and the amount of drug absorbed in vivo. The results of this study suggest that proper selection of an in vitro method will greatly aid in establishing a Level A IVIVC for long acting injectables.

Identifiers

PMID24578707
PMCPMC3918854
OpenAlexW2057320054

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.