Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24574988›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience2014

Investigating habits: strategies, technologies and models.

Kyle S Smith, Ann M Graybiel

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Neuronal implementation of the temporal difference learning algorithm in the midbrain dopaminergic system.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Striatopallidal adenosine ANeuropharmacology · 2023
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Complementary Control over Habits and Behavioral Vigor by Phasic Activity in the Dorsolateral Striatum.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2020
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Goal-directed control on interval schedules does not depend on the action-outcome correlation.Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition · 2020
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Kyle S SmithDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College Hanover, NH, USA.
Ann M GraybielDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, USA.

Funding

Functional and anatomical characterization of the striosomal systemR01MH060379 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Ann M Graybiel · 2000 to 2026
$8.7M
Ensemble Recording in Corticostriatal Pathways During Procedural LearningF32MH085454 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI SMITH, KYLE S · 2008 to 2010
$149k
NIMH NIH HHS F32 MH085454NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH060379
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding habits at a biological level requires a combination of behavioral observations and measures of ongoing neural activity. Theoretical frameworks as well as definitions of habitual behaviors emerging from classic behavioral research have been enriched by new approaches taking account of the identification of brain regions and circuits related to habitual behavior. Together, this combination of experimental and theoretical work has provided key insights into how brain circuits underlying action-learning and action-selection are organized, and how a balance between behavioral flexibility and fixity is achieved. New methods to monitor and manipulate neural activity in real time are allowing us to have a first look "under the hood" of a habit as it is formed and expressed. Here we discuss ideas emerging from such approaches. We pay special attention to the unexpected findings that have arisen from our own experiments suggesting that habitual behaviors likely require the simultaneous activity of multiple distinct components, or operators, seen as responsible for the contrasting dynamics of neural activity in both cortico-limbic and sensorimotor circuits recorded concurrently during different stages of habit learning. The neural dynamics identified thus far do not fully meet expectations derived from traditional models of the structure of habits, and the behavioral measures of habits that we have made also are not fully aligned with these models. We explore these new clues as opportunities to refine an understanding of habits.

Indexed as

actionchunkingcortexflexibilitylearningreinforcementrewardstriatum

Identifiers

PMID24574988
PMCPMC3921576

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.