Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24574956›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2014

The impact of environmental factors in severe psychiatric disorders.

Andrea Schmitt, Berend Malchow, Alkomiet Hasan, Peter Falkai

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 146 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
146citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
11.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

146 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 324 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Cannabis use and psychosis: a review of reviews.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2020
    Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. The Emerging Role of the DDAH Proteins in Psychiatric Disorders.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. mEpigenomes · 2025
    Review
  14. The relationship between neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and NLRP3 inflammasome.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Andrea SchmittDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Munich Munich, Germany ; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo São Paulo, Brazil.
Berend MalchowDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Munich Munich, Germany.
Alkomiet HasanDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Munich Munich, Germany.
Peter FalkaiDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Munich Munich, Germany.
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München · DELMU Klinikum · DEUniversidade de São Paulo · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

During the last decades, schizophrenia has been regarded as a developmental disorder. The neurodevelopmental hypothesis proposes schizophrenia to be related to genetic and environmental factors leading to abnormal brain development during the pre- or postnatal period. First disease symptoms appear in early adulthood during the synaptic pruning and myelination process. Meta-analyses of structural MRI studies revealing hippocampal volume deficits in first-episode patients and in the longitudinal disease course confirm this hypothesis. Apart from the influence of risk genes in severe psychiatric disorders, environmental factors may also impact brain development during the perinatal period. Several environmental factors such as antenatal maternal virus infections, obstetric complications entailing hypoxia as common factor or stress during neurodevelopment have been identified to play a role in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, possibly contributing to smaller hippocampal volumes. In major depression, psychosocial stress during the perinatal period or in adulthood is an important trigger. In animal studies, chronic stress or repeated administration of glucocorticoids have been shown to induce degeneration of glucocorticoid-sensitive hippocampal neurons and may contribute to the pathophysiology of affective disorders. Epigenetic mechanisms altering the chromatin structure such as histone acetylation and DNA methylation may mediate effects of environmental factors to transcriptional regulation of specific genes and be a prominent factor in gene-environmental interaction. In animal models, gene-environmental interaction should be investigated more intensely to unravel pathophysiological mechanisms. These findings may lead to new therapeutic strategies influencing epigenetic targets in severe psychiatric disorders.

Indexed as

affective disordersanimal modelsenvironmental factorsepigeneticsneurodevelopmentobstetric complicationsschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID24574956
PMCPMC3920481
OpenAlexW2079381061

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.