ArticleMediators of inflammation2013
IL-21 modulates release of proinflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated macrophages through distinct signaling pathways.
Article in Mediators of inflammation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Skin Deep: Uncovering the Early Events of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus at the Tick-Host-Virus Interface.Viruses · 2026Review
- IL-21-dependent Ly6CCell death discovery · 2025Article
- Identification of M1 macrophage infiltration-related genes for immunotherapy in Her2-positive breast cancer based on bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The effects of interleukin-21 in the biology of transplant rejection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Biological Functions and Intestinal Inflammation Regulation of IL-21 in Grass Carp (Cells · 2023Article
- IL-21/IL-21R Promotes the Pro-Inflammatory Effects of Macrophages duringInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Expression ofVaccines · 2023Article
- Exaggerated levels of some specific TLRs, cytokines and chemokines in Japanese encephalitis infected BV2 and neuro 2A cell lines associated with worst outcome.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic signatures reveal a shift towards an anti-inflammatory gene expression profile but also the induction of type I and type II interferon signaling networks through aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation in murine macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- YWHAH Genetic Variants are Associated with Increased Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Egyptian Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.Biochemical genetics · 2022Article
- A clinical trial of IL-15 and IL-21 combination therapy for COVID-19 is warranted.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2021Article
- Macrophages and the maintenance of homeostasis.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2021Review
- A systemically deliverable Vaccinia virus with increased capacity for intertumoral and intratumoral spread effectively treats pancreatic cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- A novel N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-dependent fate decision for the lncRNA THOR.Cell death & disease · 2020Article
- Article
- Protective or Detrimental? Understanding the Role of Host Immunity in Leishmaniasis.Microorganisms · 2019Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 modulates RAW264.7 macrophage polarization by interfering with the JNK/STAT3 signaling pathway.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2019Article
- Macrophages under pressure: the role of macrophage polarization in hypertension.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2018Review
- Macrophage Polarization in Leishmaniasis: Broadening Horizons.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Mechanism involved in interleukin-21-induced phagocytosis in human monocytes and macrophages.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of IL-21 on LPS-induced mouse peritoneal macrophages. The results showed that IL-21 significantly inhibited LPS-induced mRNA expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in macrophages, but not of IFN-γ, IL-10, CCL5, or CXCL2. ELISA analysis showed that IL-21 also suppressed LPS-induced production of TNF-α and IL-6 in culture supernatants. Western blot analysis showed that IL-21 clearly inhibited ERK and IκBα phosphorylation and NF-κB translocation in LPS-stimulated macrophages, but it increased STAT3 phosphorylation. Flow cytometric and Western blot analysis showed that IL-21 decreased M1 macrophages surface markers expression of CD86, iNOS, and TLR4 in LPS-stimulated cells. All results suggested that IL-21 decreases IL-6 and TNF-α production via inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK and translocation of NF-κB and promotes a shift from the M1 to M2 macrophage phenotype by decreasing the expression of CD86, iNOS, and TLR4 and by increasing STAT3 phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.