ArticleCancer medicine2014
Silibinin inhibits accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor growth of murine breast cancer.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Nanodelivery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Monomers: An Emerging Strategy to Reprogram the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- MDSCs in Breast Cancer: Metastasis, Lipid Metabolism, and Therapeutics.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2025Review
- Milk Thistle (Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Phytochemicals as Immunomodulatory Molecules in Cancer Therapeutics.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Defining the Emergence of New Immunotherapy Approaches in Breast Cancer: Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- MDSCs in breast cancer: an important enabler of tumor progression and an emerging therapeutic target.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Mechanistic Insights into the Pharmacological Significance of Silymarin.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Tumor immunomodulatory effects of polyphenols.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages in tumor progression and the role of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating TAMs to enhance antitumor effects.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Targeting the hallmarks of cancer: the effects of silibinin on proliferation, cell death, angiogenesis, and migration in colorectal cancer.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2021Article
- Antioxidants for the Treatment of Breast Cancer: Are We There Yet?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Bifunctional Janus Particles as Multivalent Synthetic Nanoparticle Antibodies (SNAbs) for Selective Depletion of Target Cells.Nano letters · 2021Article
- Silymarin Inhibits Glutamate Release and Prevents against Kainic Acid-Induced Excitotoxic Injury in Rats.Biomedicines · 2020Article
- Dietary Phenolics against Breast Cancer. A Critical Evidence-Based Review and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Natural products and their derivatives: Promising modulators of tumor immunotherapy.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2020Review
- Review
- Development of an HPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Silybin in Human Plasma, Urine and Breast Tissue.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Progress on Modulating Tumor-Associated Macrophages with Biomaterials.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2020Review
- Pre-treatment With PLGA/Silibinin Nanoparticles Mitigates Dacarbazine-Induced Hepatotoxicity.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC)s increase in blood and accumulate in the tumor microenvironment of tumor-bearing animals, contributing to immune suppression in cancer. Silibinin, a natural flavonoid from the seeds of milk thistle, has been developed as an anti-inflammatory agent and supportive care agent to reduce the toxicity of cancer chemotherapy. The goals of this study were to evaluate the effect of silibinin on MDSCs in tumor-bearing mice and antitumor activity of silibinin in a mouse model of breast cancer. 4T1 luciferase-transfected mammary carcinoma cells were injected into in the mammary fat pad female BALB/c mice, and female CB17-Prkdc Scid/J mice. Silibinin treatment started on day 4 or day 14 after tumor inoculation continued every other day. Tumor growth was monitored by bioluminescent imaging (BLI) measuring total photon flux. Flow cytometry measured total leukocytes, CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) MDSC, and T cells in the blood and tumors of tumor-bearing mice. The effects of silibinin on 4T1 cell viability in vitro were measured by BLI. Treatment with silibinin increased overall survival in mice harboring tumors derived from the 4T1-luciferase breast cancer cell line, and reduced tumor volumes and numbers of CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) MDSCs in the blood and tumor, and increased the content of T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Silibinin failed to inhibit tumor growth in immunocompromised severe combined immunodeficiency mice, supporting the hypothesis that anticancer effect of silibinin is immune-mediated. The antitumor activity of silibinin requires an intact host immune system and is associated with decreased accumulation of blood and tumor-associated MDSCs.
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Registered trials
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