ArticleNature2014
Mechanism of Tc toxin action revealed in molecular detail.
Article in Nature, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers.
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Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed.
- Type VI Secretion Systems inMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- From genome to lifestyle: adaptive strategies ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Ancestral neuronal receptors are bacterial accessory toxins.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Dynamic gating by ϕ-clamp loop controls peptide translocation through the anthrax toxin nanopore.Biophysical journal · 2026Article
- Discovery of a fungal Tc toxin complex and functional mycoserpin through a novel two-by-two comparative genomics approach.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Complete structures of the YenTc holotoxin prepore and pore reveal the evolutionary basis for chitinase incorporation into ABC toxins.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Genomic characterization ofMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Anthrax Toxin: A Pioneer of Targeted Protein Toxins.Toxins · 2025Review
- Genomic and functional analyses reveal Pseudomonas granadensis CT364 is a plant growth-promoting endophyte.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Injection of Affibodies by a Self-Organizing Bacterial Syringe to Interfere with Intracellular Signaling.Toxins · 2025Article
- Pore Formation by Pore Forming Proteins in Lipid Membranes: Structural Insights Through Cryo-EM.The Journal of membrane biology · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic insights into the resistance mechanism of Penaeus vannamei against highly lethal Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A bipartite bacterial virulence factor targets the complement system and neutrophil activation.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- Evaluating TcAs for Use in Biotechnology Applications.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Article
- Multistate kinetics of the syringe-like injection mechanism of Tc toxins.Science advances · 2025Article
- A widespread accessory protein family diversifies the effector repertoire of the type VI secretion system spike.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Article
- Some Examples of Bacterial Toxins as Tools.Toxins · 2024Review
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tripartite Tc toxin complexes of bacterial pathogens perforate the host membrane and translocate toxic enzymes into the host cell, including in humans. The underlying mechanism is complex but poorly understood. Here we report the first, to our knowledge, high-resolution structures of a TcA subunit in its prepore and pore state and of a complete 1.7 megadalton Tc complex. The structures reveal that, in addition to a translocation channel, TcA forms four receptor-binding sites and a neuraminidase-like region, which are important for its host specificity. pH-induced opening of the shell releases an entropic spring that drives the injection of the TcA channel into the membrane. Binding of TcB/TcC to TcA opens a gate formed by a six-bladed β-propeller and results in a continuous protein translocation channel, whose architecture and properties suggest a novel mode of protein unfolding and translocation. Our results allow us to understand key steps of infections involving Tc toxins at the molecular level.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.