ReviewImmunobiology2014
Whole blood assay and visceral leishmaniasis: Challenges and promises.
Review in Immunobiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hair quantitative PCR outperforms blood analysis for detecting Leishmania DNA in dogs: a non-invasive tool for clinical states of infection.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Epidemiological insights and clinical management of paediatric kala-azar in Shanxi Province (2014-2023): retrospective analysis of case characteristics and therapeutic strategies.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
- Cytokine Production in Response to Soluble Leishmania Aethiopica Antigen by Whole Blood Cells from Patients with Different Clinical Presentations of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with SolubleMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Non-additive strong gene interactions cause striking differences in organ pathology and cytokine response in Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Methods integrating innate and adaptive immune responses in humanFrontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Development of a Simple IFN-γ Release Whole Blood Assay for the Assessment ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Visceral Leishmaniasis in a Twin Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Demographic characteristics and prevalence of asymptomaticFrontiers in epidemiology · 2024Article
- Humoral Responses and Ex Vivo IFN-γ Production after Canine Whole Blood Stimulation withVeterinary sciences · 2022Article
- A review of the leishmanin skin test: A neglected test for a neglected disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Review
- Tropical Infections in the Context of Kidney Transplantation in Latin America.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Review
- Potential biomarkers of immune protection in human leishmaniasis.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2021Review
- Visceral leishmaniasis elimination targets in India, strategies for preventing resurgence.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2018Review
- Epitope-Binding Characteristics for Risk versus Protective DRB1 Alleles for Visceral Leishmaniasis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Parasite Specific Antibody Levels, Interferon-γ and TLR2 and TLR4 Transcripts in Blood from Dogs with Different Clinical Stages of Leishmaniosis.Veterinary sciences · 2018Article
- Cellular Markers of Active Disease and Cure in Different Forms ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Article
- Elimination of visceral leishmaniasis on the Indian subcontinent.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2016Review
- Leishmania infantum-specific production of IFN-γ and IL-10 in stimulated blood from dogs with clinical leishmaniosis.Parasites & vectors · 2016Article
- Developments in Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis in the Elimination Era.Journal of parasitology research · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
For years, the ability to study immune responses in patients with active visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been hampered by the absence of detectable antigen-specific Th1 responses using cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Employing whole blood assay (WBA), we recently reported that whole blood cells of active VL patients maintain the capacity to secrete significant levels of antigen driven IFN-γ and IL-10. Furthermore, WBA that uses soluble leishmania antigen (SLA) have advantages over the leishmanin skin test (LST), in terms of higher specificity and better correlation with surrogate markers of exposures to Leishmania donovani. These findings open the door to a series of immunological and epidemiological studies not previously possible for VL. In the present review, we discuss current status, future perspectives as well as obstacles in the research on WBA. Research in this area is essential for development of potential immunological and epidemiological tools for VL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.