ArticleJournal of anatomy2014
Regional molecular and cellular differences in the female rabbit Achilles tendon complex: potential implications for understanding responses to loading.
Article in Journal of anatomy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex Hormones & Exercise in the Musculoskeletal System: From Signaling to Structure and Function.Endocrine reviews · 2026Article
- Association Between Hormone Replacement Therapy and Incidence of Tendon Injuries and Surgical Repair in Perimenopausal Women: A Propensity Score-Matched National Cohort Study.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2026Article
- Beyond local injury: pathogenic roles of metabolic, endocrine, and aging-associated systemic factors in tendinopathy and novel therapeutic strategies.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Review
- Integrating Mechanical Loading, Mechanotransduction, and Biological Responses in Musculoskeletal Tissues Across the Lifespan: Regulation Influenced by Cells, Extracellular Matrix, and Sex.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Creating an Optimal In Vivo Environment to Enhance Outcomes Using Cell Therapy to Repair/Regenerate Injured Tissues of the Musculoskeletal System.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- The Role of the Non-Collagenous Extracellular Matrix in Tendon and Ligament Mechanical Behavior: A Review.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2022Review
- Optimizing repair of tendon ruptures and chronic tendinopathies: Integrating the use of biomarkers with biological interventions to improve patient outcomes and clinical trial design.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2022Review
- Relationship of the fabella with the origins of the plantaris and gastrocnemius lateral head muscles in late-term fetuses: a histological study.Anatomy & cell biology · 2021Article
- Perspective: Challenges Presented for Regeneration of Heterogeneous Musculoskeletal Tissues that Normally Develop in Unique Biomechanical Environments.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
- The absence of oestrogen receptor beta disturbs collagen I type deposition during Achilles tendon healing by regulating the IRF5-CCL3 axis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Supraspinatus Tendons Have Different Mechanical Properties Across Sex.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2019Article
- Biology of Tendon Stem Cells and Tendon in Aging.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Review
- Postinjury biomechanics of Achilles tendon vary by sex and hormone status.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2016Article
- Impact of oestrogen deficiency and aging on tendon: concise review.Muscles, ligaments and tendons journal · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of this study was: (i) to analyze the morphology and expression of extracellular matrix genes in six different regions of the Achilles tendon complex of intact normal rabbits; and (ii) to assess the effect of ovariohysterectomy (OVH) on the regional expression of these genes. Female New Zealand White rabbits were separated into two groups: (i) intact normal rabbits (n = 4); and (ii) OVH rabbits (n = 8). For each rabbit, the Achilles tendon complex was dissected into six regions: distal gastrocnemius (DG); distal flexor digitorum superficialis; proximal lateral gastrocnemius (PLG); proximal medial gastrocnemius; proximal flexor digitorum superficialis; and paratenon. For each of the regions, hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for histological evaluation of intact normal rabbit tissues and mRNA levels for proteoglycans, collagens and genes associated with collagen regulation were assessed by real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction for both the intact normal and OVH rabbit tissues. The distal regions displayed a more fibrocartilaginous phenotype. For intact normal rabbits, aggrecan mRNA expression was higher in the distal regions of the Achilles tendon complex compared with the proximal regions. Collagen Type I and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression levels were increased in the PLG compared to the DG in the intact normal rabbit tissues. The tendons from OVH rabbits had lower gene expressions for the proteoglycans aggrecan, biglycan, decorin and versican compared with the intact normal rabbits, although the regional differences of increased aggrecan expression in distal regions compared with proximal regions persisted. The tensile and compressive forces experienced in the examined regions may be related to the regional differences found in gene expression. The lower mRNA expression of the genes examined in the OVH group confirms a potential effect of systemic estrogen on tendon.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.