ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Secretory antibodies in breast milk promote long-term intestinal homeostasis by regulating the gut microbiota and host gene expression.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 250 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
250 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 470 citations in OpenAlex.
- Breastfeeding and the risk of childhood cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Evidence of maternal transfer of antigen-specific antibodies in serum and breast milk to infants at high-risk ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Association between breast milk intake at 9-10 months of age and growth and development among Malawian young children.Maternal & child nutrition · 2018Trial
- Insights into Microbiota-Vaccine Crosstalk in Humans: Mechanisms, Modulators, and Translational Horizons.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- [Age-Related Changes in the Oral Microbiota].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Review
- Decoding the gut microbiota-immune dialogue: from bidirectional axis to therapeutic applications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Maternal antibodies regulate the establishment of murine oral and salivary mucosal immunity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Maternal supplementation with Lactobacillus reuteri enhances colostrum sIgA secretion and immune function of offspring.Animal microbiome · 2026Article
- From Womb to World: Unravelling the Microbiota's Impact on Health and Disease.International journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Using gnotobiotic ruminants to dissect host-microbe interactions for sustainable agriculture.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Maternal consumption of urbanized diet compromises early-life health in association with gut microbiota.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Breastfeeding and infant gut microbiota: influence of bioactive components.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Secretory IgA amplification during immune checkpoint blockade enhances the control of tumor growth by enterotropic T cells.Science advances · 2025Article
- Microbiome in heritage: how maternal microbiome transmission impacts next generation health.Microbiome · 2025Review
- Consequences of host-microbiome interactions in preterm infants.Infection and immunity · 2025Review
- Dynamic allelic expression in mouse mammary glands across the adult developmental cycle.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Breast milk IgG engages the mouse neonatal immune system to instruct responses to gut antigens.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
190 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Maintenance of intestinal homeostasis requires a healthy relationship between the commensal gut microbiota and the host immune system. Breast milk supplies the first source of antigen-specific immune protection in the gastrointestinal tract of suckling mammals, in the form of secretory IgA (SIgA). SIgA is transported across glandular and mucosal epithelial cells into external secretions by the polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR). Here, a breeding scheme with polymeric Ig receptor-sufficient and -deficient mice was used to study the effects of breast milk-derived SIgA on development of the gut microbiota and host intestinal immunity. Early exposure to maternal SIgA prevented the translocation of aerobic bacteria from the neonatal gut into draining lymph nodes, including the opportunistic pathogen Ochrobactrum anthropi. By the age of weaning, mice that received maternal SIgA in breast milk had a significantly different gut microbiota from mice that did not receive SIgA, and these differences were magnified when the mice reached adulthood. Early exposure to SIgA in breast milk resulted in a pattern of intestinal epithelial cell gene expression in adult mice that differed from that of mice that were not exposed to passive SIgA, including genes associated with intestinal inflammatory diseases in humans. Maternal SIgA was also found to ameliorate colonic damage caused by the epithelial-disrupting agent dextran sulfate sodium. These findings reveal unique mechanisms through which SIgA in breast milk may promote lifelong intestinal homeostasis, and provide additional evidence for the benefits of breastfeeding.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.