ArticleBMC research notes2014
Giardiosis and other enteropathogenic infections: a study on diarrhoeic calves in Southern Germany.
Article in BMC research notes, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence of Giardia infection in nonhuman mammalian hosts: A systematic review and meta-analysis of five million animals.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Identification of Cryptosporidium and Eimeria associated with diarrhea in calves in Japan (2020-2022).Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Importance and Characterisation of Concurrent Pathogens in Diarrhoeic Calves from North-Western Spain.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Establishment of an in vitro co-infection model of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Prevalence ofInternational journal of veterinary science and medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence and infestation dynamics of intestinal protozoa infections (cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis and eimeriosis) among calves in dairy farms of Kazakhstan.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Status ofJournal of parasitology research · 2025Article
- Diagnosis of bovine group A rotavirus, bovine coronavirus,Veterinary research forum : an international quarterly journal · 2025Article
- First report of Giardia duodenalis in dairy cattle and beef cattle in Shanxi, China.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis in dairy cattle in Central Inner Mongolia, Northern China.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Literature Review: Coinfection in Young Ruminant Livestock-Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The diversity of Eimeria spp. in cattle in the Brazilian Semiarid region.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2022Article
- Isolation and Characterization of Bovine RVA from Northeast China, 2017-2020.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- Prevalence of Worldwide Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea Caused by Bovine Rotavirus in Combination with Bovine Coronavirus,Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Epidemiological study on calf diarrhea and coccidiosis in dairy farms in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia.Irish veterinary journal · 2020Article
- Causative agents and epidemiology of diarrhea in Korean native calves.Journal of veterinary science · 2019Article
- Molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium parvum from calves with diarrhoea in Austria and evaluation of point-of-care tests.Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Diversity of Parasitic Diarrhea Associated withAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiarrhoea induces massive problems in the rearing of calves. The aim of the study was to obtain current data about the frequency of Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Eimeria spp. in diarrhoeic calves in Southern Germany with the particular focus on giardiosis.
results1564 samples were analysed for the three pathogens using microscopical methods. Giardia spp. was detectable in 112/1564 samples (7.2%). The mean age was 46.5 days and the odds of being infected with Giardia spp. increased slowly up to 8 times from about 12 days to 30 days of age. There appeared to be no seasonal influence on the frequency of Giardia spp. A mono-infection with Giardia spp. was diagnosed in 46 calves (2.9%) whereas 15 calves (1.0%) had a mixed-infection with Cryptosporidium spp. and 51 calves (3.3%) with Eimeria spp. Cryptosporidium spp. and Eimeria spp. could be detected in 646/1564 samples (41.3%) and 208/1564 samples (13.3%), respectively, with a mean age of 11.3 and 55.0 days, respectively. The odds of being infected with Cryptosporidium spp. increased up to 4.5 times until an age of 10 days. After that the odds decreased continuously and was approaching zero at about 30 days. The odds of being infected with Eimeria spp. increased continuously up to 30 times from about 20 days to 60 days of age. There appeared to be no significant seasonal influence on the frequency of Cryptosporidium spp.; but there was one for Eimeria spp.: the odds of being infected with Eimeria spp. in March and April decreased by about half and increased up to 2.3 times between July and September. Additionally, as requested by the veterinarians, 1282 of those samples were analysed for E. coli, Rota-, Coronavirus and Cryptosporidium spp. using an ELISA. Obtained frequencies for these pathogens were 0.9%, 37.8%, 3.4% and 45.3% with a mean age of 24.8 days, 12.1 days, 9.0 days and 12.1 days, respectively.
conclusionsThe results indicate that in Southern Germany in addition to Eimeria spp., Giardia spp. seems to play a contributing role in diarrhoea in older calves, whereas Cryptosporidium spp. and Rotavirus are mostly relevant in young calves.
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