Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24565314›Full record

ReviewJournal of studies on alcohol and drugs. Supplement2014

Pharmacotherapy of alcohol use disorders: seventy-five years of progress.

Leah R Zindel, Henry R Kranzler

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs. Supplement, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05458609 (Lemborexant Augmentation of Naltrexone for Alcohol Craving and Sleep), which is not on this map. Cited by 57 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
10.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05458609 phase3completednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Lemborexant Augmentation of Naltrexone for Alcohol Craving and Sleep: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- Controlled Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorBaylor College of MedicineRan2023 to 2024Enrolled8ConditionsAlcohol Use DisorderArmsLemborexant 10 mg, Naltrexone
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Influence of sleep quality on lapse to alcohol use during a quit attempt.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2024
    Trial
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  10. Microorganisms · 2026
    Article
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  13. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Leah R ZindelPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania.
Henry R KranzlerCenter for Studies of Addiction, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Philadelphia University · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

Novel Approaches to Alcoholism Pharmacotherapy and RiskK24AA013736 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI KRANZLER, HENRY RICHARD · 2002 to 2012
$1.5M
NIAAA NIH HHS K24 AA013736NIAAA NIH HHS K24 AA13736
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Modern pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence has its roots in the failure of National Prohibition in the United States and the rise of the disease model of alcoholism (embodied in Alcoholics Anonymous). In 1948, disulfiram was the first medication approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat alcohol dependence, but its efficacy has not been supported by randomized controlled trials. In the 1960s, benzodiazepines replaced older treatments for alcohol withdrawal, but sedative and dependence-producing effects limit their utility in the postwithdrawal period. In the 1980s, the focus shifted to the treatment of co-occurring psychiatric disorders and medications that modify negative mood states, which contribute to relapse to heavy drinking. In the 1990s, developments in neurobiology implicated specific neurotransmitter systems underlying alcohol's effects, culminating in the 1994 approval by the FDA of the opioid antagonist naltrexone to treat alcohol dependence. In 2006, the FDA approved a long-acting formulation of naltrexone. Recently, nalmefene, another opioid receptor antagonist, was approved in Europe for as-needed use to reduce heavy drinking. Acamprosate, an amino acid derivative, first approved in France in 1989, received FDA approval in 2004. However, the beneficial effects of the approved medications are only modestly greater than those of placebo, and their use is limited. Topiramate, currently under investigation for alcohol dependence, has greater efficacy but a variety of adverse effects. In addition to the identification of novel compounds, the future of alcohol dependence pharmacotherapy will depend on developments in pharmacogenetics, in which genetic variation that moderates treatment efficacy and adverse effects is used to personalize treatment.

Indexed as

AcamprosateAlcohol DeterrentsAlcohol-Related DisordersDisulfiramFructoseHumansHypnotics and SedativesNarcotic AntagonistsPharmacogeneticsTaurineTopiramateAcamprosateAlcohol DeterrentsDisulfiramFructoseHypnotics and SedativesNarcotic AntagonistsTaurineTopiramate

Identifiers

PMID24565314
PMCPMC4453501
OpenAlexW2104284600

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.