Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24562697›Full record

Trial reportKnee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA2015

Cold-induced vasoconstriction may persist long after cooling ends: an evaluation of multiple cryotherapy units.

Sepideh Khoshnevis, Natalie K Craik, Kenneth R Diller

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04705376 (Cryotherapy Following Rotator Cuff Repair Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04705376 nawithdrawnnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Cryotherapy Following Rotator Cuff Repair Surgery

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterRan2021 to 2021Enrolled0ConditionsRotator Cuff TearsArmsBreg Polarcare, Thermazone
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
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  4. Perfusion of the skin's microcirculation after cold-water immersion (10°C) and partial-body cryotherapy (-135°C).Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2019
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  9. The Effects of Cold Application on Internal and External Carotid Artery Flows: an Evaluation of Conventional Epistaxis Management.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sepideh KhoshnevisDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
Natalie K Craik
Kenneth R Diller
The University of Texas at Austin · US

Funding

Devices and Methods to Obviate the Risk of Ischemic Injury during CryotherapyR01EB015522 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI BROTHERS, ROBERT MATTHEW, DILLER, KENNETH R. · 2013 to 2016
$1.5M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB015522
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeLocalized cooling is widely used in treating soft tissue injuries by modulating swelling, pain, and inflammation. One of the primary outcomes of localized cooling is vasoconstriction within the underlying skin. It is thought that in some instances, cryotherapy may be causative of tissue necrosis and neuropathy via cold-induced ischaemia leading to nonfreezing cold injury (NFCI). The purpose of this study is to quantify the magnitude and persistence of vasoconstriction associated with cryotherapy.

methodsData are presented from testing with four different FDA approved cryotherapy devices. Blood perfusion and skin temperature were measured at multiple anatomical sites during baseline, active cooling, and passive rewarming periods.

resultsLocal cutaneous blood perfusion was depressed in response to cooling the skin surface with all devices, including the DonJoy (DJO, p = 2.6 × 10(-8)), Polar Care 300 (PC300, p = 1.1 × 10(-3)), Polar Care 500 Lite (PC500L, p = 0.010), and DeRoyal T505 (DR505, p = 0.016). During the rewarming period, parasitic heat gain from the underlying tissues and the environment resulted in increased temperatures of the skin and pad for all devices, but blood perfusion did not change significantly, DJO (n.s.), PC300 (n.s.), PC500L (n.s.), and DR505 (n.s.).

conclusionsThe results demonstrate that cryotherapy can create a deep state of vasoconstriction in the local area of treatment. In the absence of independent stimulation, the condition of reduced blood flow persists long after cooling is stopped and local temperatures have rewarmed towards the normal range, indicating that the maintenance of vasoconstriction is not directly dependent on the continuing existence of a cold state. The depressed blood flow may dispose tissue to NFCI.

Indexed as

VasoconstrictionAdultCryotherapyFemaleHumansKneeMaleMiddle AgedSkinSkin Temperature

Identifiers

PMID24562697
PMCPMC4395553
OpenAlexW2085987745

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.