ArticlePloS one2014
Analysis of Toll-like receptors, iNOS and cytokine profiles in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis during anti-tuberculosis treatment.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- The value of the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and osteopontin (SPP1) in tuberculosis treatment response monitoring.Scientific reports · 2026Article
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- Protein Expression of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 on Monocytes in TB, HIV, and TB/HIV.Journal of immunology research · 2024Article
- Value of serum cytokine biomarkers TNF-α, IL-4, sIL-2R and IFN-γ for use in monitoring bacterial load and anti-tuberculosis treatment progress.Cytokine: X · 2020Article
- Diminished TLR2-TLR9 mediated CD4+ T cell responses are associated with increased inflammation in intraocular tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Application of molecular, microbiological, and immunological tests for the diagnosis of bone and joint tuberculosis.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2018Article
- Antibiotics induce polarization of pleural macrophages to M2-like phenotype in patients with tuberculous pleuritis.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Article
- Gene expression profiling identifies candidate biomarkers for active and latent tuberculosis.BMC bioinformatics · 2016Article
- Article
- Role of nitric oxide in immune responses against viruses: beyond microbicidal activity.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2015Review
- Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in mycobacterial infection, although little is known about the roles of these receptors, cytokines and nitric oxide during anti-tuberculosis treatment. Our objective was to evaluate the mRNA and cell surface expression of TLR2 and TLR4; inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression; and cytokine Th1, Th2 and Th17 profiles in pulmonary tuberculosis patients at different time points of anti-tuberculosis treatment. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from PPD(+) healthy controls and from patients receiving anti-tuberculosis treatment. Gene expression quantification was performed by qPCR, cell surface expression was assessed using flow cytometry, and cytokine quantification was conducted using the CBA technique. The treated patients presented higher gene expression and higher numbers of receptors on the cell surface of lymphocytes and monocytes than did control individuals. IL-12 and IFN-γ levels increased after the start of treatment, whereas TNF-α levels were reduced. TGF-β presented the highest levels during treatment. IL-10 and IL-17 expression and production tended to increase during treatment. iNOS gene expression was reduced throughout treatment in patients. Our results suggest that anti-tuberculosis treatment modulates the immune response, inducing an increase in the expression of TLRs and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines to combat bacteria and reduce the inflammatory process.
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